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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 
COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 

O. H. TTTTMANN, Superintendent 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS 



CALVERT COUNTY 
MARYLAND 



DESCRIPTION OF BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS AND REPORT 
OF WORK OF UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SUR- 
VEY IN COOPERATION WITH UNITED STATES BUREAU OF 
FISHERIES AND MARYLAND SHELL FISH COMMISSION 



By C. C. YATES 

CHIEF OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY PARTY 
ASSISTANT. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1910 



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 
COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 

O. H. TITTMANN, Superintendent 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS 



CALVERT COUNTY 
MARYLAND 






DESCRIPTION OF BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS AND REPORT 
OF WORK OF UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SUR- 
' VEY IN COOPERATION WITH UNITED STATES BUREAU OF 
FISHERIES AND MARYLAND SHELL FISH COMMISSION 



By C. C. YATES 

CHIEF OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY PARTY 
ASSISTANT. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1910 






LETTER OF SUBMITTAL. 



Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Coast and Geodetic Survey, 

Washington, December 21, igog. 
Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report of the officer detailed from 
the Coast and Geodetic Survey to cooperate with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Mary- 
land Shell Fish Commission in surveying the oyster bars of the State of Maryland, and 
certain technical results which are necessary for the interpretation and use of the plats 
of the survey made by the Government. 

This work has been done under the provisions of the act of Congress entitled "An 
act to authorize the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to cooperate, through the Bureau 
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Bureau of Fisheries, with the shell fish com- 
missioners of the State of Maryland in making surveys of the natural oyster beds, bars, 
and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland," approved May 26, 1906, and of 
the acts of Congress making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government 
for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1907, 1908, 1909, and 1910. 
Respectfully, 

O. H. TiTTmann. Superintendent. 
To Hon. Charles Nagel, 

Secretary of Commerci a>id Labor. 

2 



CERTIFICATION 



Baltimore, Md., December 10, igog. 
The following publication is certified to contain correct technical descriptions of 
all boundaries and landmarks established in Calvert County by the Maryland Shell 
Fish Commission in cooperation with the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

C. C. Yates, 

Chief of Coast and Geodetic Survey Party, 

Assistant, Coast and Geodetic Survey. 



Baltimore, Md., December 10, iochi. 
Examined and certified to be correct. 

Walter J. Mitchell, 
Caswell Grave, 
Benjamin K. Green, 
Maryland Shell Fish Commission. 
Swepson EarlE, 

H ydrogra phic Engineer. 

Note. — Certified copies of this publication and of the charts of the natural oyster 
bars of Calvert County were filed in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of Calvert 
County and in the office of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners, at Annapolis, on 
December 14, 1909. 

5 



CONTENTS 



Page. 

Progress map . . - follows 94 

Letter of submittal — — - - - .. 3 

Certification '- - — ------- 5 

Introduction: 

Publications 11 

Cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey _______________ 12 

Cooperation of the Bureau of Fisheries . _ 12 

General statement of work of Coast and Geodetic Survey __ .__ ... 12 

Report of the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey: 

Instructions 14 

Organization and equipment - 15 

Chronological statement of work __ ._ 15 

Statistics ... _______ . 16 

General remarks __ . . . 16 

Charts and maps: 

Charts of natural oyster bars _ 18 

Leasing charts . 19 

Projections _ . _ 20 

Progress maps .__ 20 

Boundaries of the county waters: 

Waters within territorial limits of county 21 

Waters contiguous to county 21 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations) : 

Explanation 23 

Method of describing triangulation stations B . _. 23 

Descriptions of triangulation stations — 
Chart No. 16 (Chesapeake Bay) — 

Holland _ . 26 

Hog Point (Holland 3) 26 

Beach . __ 27 

111 2 27 

Plum 3 28 

Pier (see also Chart No. 17) 28 

Sharps Island Light _ . _ 29 

Chart No. 17 (Chesapeake Bay) — 

Pier (see also Chart No. 16) . 28 

Pen 29 

Patch . . 20 

Parker 30 

Run (see also Chart No. 18) • 30 

Chart No. 18 (Chesapeake Bay) — 

Run (see also Chart No. 17) -_ 30 



8 Contents. 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey trianguxation stations) — Continued. 
Descriptions of triangulation stations — Continued. 

Chart No. iS (Chesapeake Bay) — Continued. Page, 

Poplar _ 30 

Flag Pond 31 

Wilson 2 31 

Point of Rocks , 31 

Cove Point Light (see also Chart No. 20) 32 

White House (N. E. chimney) (see also Chart No. 20) 32 

Travers 2 32 

Chart No. ig (Upper Patuxent River) — 

Prince 33 

Leitch 33 

Fodder . 34 

Buena 34 

Teague 35 

City... _ 35 

Hallowing 36 

Indian 36 

Dwarf 37 

Sothoron 37 

Buzz 38 

Billiard 38 

Morsel '._ 39 

Trent 39 

Collins 39 

Sheridan 40 

Cremona 40 

Kitt 41 

Oppkit 41 

Battle 42 

Photo 42 

Fight 42 

Slim 43 

Forr 43 

Sweep ^ 44 

Island 44 

Peak 45 

Cole 45 

Hutchins 46 

Wheat (see also Chart No. 20) . 46 

Mackall (see also Chart No. 20) 46 

Sollers (see also Chart No. 20) 47 

Bars 47 

Lend (see also Chart No. 20) 48 

Chart No. 20 (Lower Patuxent River) — 

Wheat (see also Chart No. 19) 46 

Mackall (see also Chart No. 19) 46 

Sollers (see also Chart No. 19) 47 

Lend (see also Chart No. 19) 48 

Stock 48 

Stump - 48 

Briscoe 49 

Hellen 49 

Nat 50 



Contents. 9 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations) — Continued. 
Descriptions of triangulation stations — Continued. 

Chart No, 20 (Lower Patuxent River) — Continued. Page. 

Ton 50 

Mill 51 

Bur - ...___.__.._ 51 

New .................... 51 

Catholic Church Cross . . 52 

Cable — -.-. - - ..... - 52 

Town . - 52 

Crane _ 53 

M. E. Church (Solomons) . . . . .... . .. 53 

K. of P. Flagstaff (Solomons) . . . . 53 

Sand . 54 

Fishstack . ._ . - 54 

Bon .. ... 54 

Bareda House Cupola .. _. . 55 

Drum Point Light . . . . ..... . . . 55 

Ben _ . ... 55 

Craddock . .. . ... 56 

Carroll 2 . . . 56 

Hog 2 _ . 57 

Pat s7 

White House (N. E. chimney) (see also Chart No. 18) . - 32 

Cove Point Light (see also Chart No. 18) . 32 

Cedar Point Light 57 

Cain 58 

Desert 58 

Boundaries of oyster bars: 

Explanation 59 

Method of describing boundaries 60 

Surveying methods for relocation of boundaries 61 

Boundaries of natural oyster bars — 
Chart No. 16 (Chesapeake Bay) — 

Hog Point 64 

Upper Steps 65 

Lower Steps 65 

Plum Point (see also Chart No. 17) 66 

Chart No. 17 (Chesapeake Bay) — 

Plum Point (see also Chart No. 16) 66 

Daddie Dare 66 

Governors Run (see also Chart No. 18) 67 

Emanuel (see also Chart No. 18) : 67 

Chart No. iS (Chesapeake Bay) — 

Governors Run (see also Chart No. 17) 67 

Emanuel (see also Chart No. 17) . 67 

Flag Pond 68 

Chart No. iq (Upper Patuxent River) — 

Spout _ 69 

Holland Point (Calvert County) 69 

Buzzard Island 70 

Macks Hollow 70 

Broad Neck (Calvert County) 71 

Thomas (Calvert County) _-. 71 

Kitts Marsh 71 



io Contents. 

Boundaries of oyster bars— Continued. 

Boundaries of natural oyster bars — Continued. 

Chart No. ig (Upper Patuxent River) — Continued. Page. 

Prison Point 72 

Jacks Marsh 72 

Jacks Bay 73 

Parkers Wharf 73 

Broome Island 74 

Island Creek 74 

Peterson (Calvert County) (see also Chart No. 20) _. 75 

Mears (Calvert County) (see also Chart No. 20) 75 

Chart No. 20 (Lower Patuxent River) — . 

Peterson (Calvert County) (see also Chart No. 19) 73 

Mears (Calvert County) (see also Chart No. 19) 73 

Hellen 76 

Hungerford Hollow 76 

Barn Gates . 77 

Back of Island 78 

Shell Pile 78 

Cherry Tree 79 

Swash 80 

Sandy Point Lumps i 80 

Southeast Middle-ground 81 

Light House Lump " 82 

Old Lump . 82 

Carroll Muds (Calvert County) ■_ 82 

Simmons . 83 

Chinese Muds (Calvert County) 1 83 

Parker Moore 84 

Under The Cliffs ,.._ 84 

Little Cove Point 85 

Cove Point Bight 85 

Appendixes: 

Appendix A. — Laws relating to the cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and 

Bureau of Fisheries with the Maryland Shell Fish Commission 87 

Appendix B. — "The Haman Oyster Culture Law" (extract from Second Report of Shell 

Fish Commission) 90 

Appendix C. — Summary of the particular surveying operations which constitute an " oyster 

survey" as now being carried on in Maryland __ 92 

Appendix D. — Statistics of results of the combined operations of the Government and State. 94 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS, CALVERT COUNTY, AID. 



INTRODUCTION. 

PUBLICATIONS. 

The preparation of publications relating to the survey of the oyster bars of Mary- 
land has been divided between the Government and the State in accordance with the 
laws " authorizing the work and the natural division of the surveying operations b of 
the cooperating forces. 

The publications prepared and issued by the Government under the direction of 
the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey consist of a series of charts and 
a technical report for each county surveyed. The charts show all legal boundaries of 
oyster bars within the adopted boundaries of the waters opened up for leasing with each 
county, and the location of all landmarks (Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation 
stations) used as a foundation for the delineation of these various boundaries. The 
technical report gives technical and legal descriptions of all oyster-bar and other bound- 
aries, and descriptions of all landmarks shown on the charts, and includes the report 
of the representative of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in charge, of the work of that 
Service in cooperation with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish Com- 
mission. These charts and technical reports are prepared and certified for file with the 
courts and the Commission, as required by the laws of the State, and contain all informa- 
tion necessary to make a permanent record of the work of the Commission and the 
Government for all future requirements of the courts, or for any resurveys that may 
become necessary. d 

The publications prepared and issued by the State under the direction of the Shell 
Fish Commission consist of annual reports e of all the operations of the Commission 

a See Appendix A for laws relating to the cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and Bureau 
of Fisheries with the Maryland Shell Fish Commission. 

b See Appendix C for a summary of the particular surveying operations w'hich constitute an "oyster 
survey" as now being carried on in Maryland. 

<■ These charts and technical reports can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey, at Washington, D. C. The publications ready for issue are those for Anne 
Arundel, Somerset, Wicomico, Worcester, and Calvert counties, those for St. Marys and Charles counties 
are now being prepared. 

rf The technical records and charts for each county are published separately on account of the 
requirements of the oyster-culture laws of the State and the practical considerations which make it 
desirable to have each county "opened up" for oyster culture as soon as practicable after the comple- 
tion of its survey. For these reasons and the fact that these reports are each arranged for distribution 
and use in one county only without reference to other published records, much of the text of this publi- 
cation is of necessity identical with similar previous publications for other counties. 

e These reports can be obtained by application to the Shell Fish Commission, Annapolis, Md. 
They are issued annually in October, and the first and second reports are now available for distribution. 

II 



12 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

performed under the provisions of the laws of Maryland," including results of biological 
and economic oyster investigations, methods and results of the hydrographic survey of 
the boundaries of oyster bars and crab bottoms, the administrative report and financial 
statement of the Commission, information relating to oyster culture, methods of sur- 
veying and leasing of oyster lots, and much other important matter of legal and scientific 
value. 

These two sets of publications are planned and arranged to supplement each other 
without unnecessary duplication, and when combined they form a complete report of 
operations, methods, and results of the work of both the Government and State. 6 

COOPERATION OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 

The work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, as the name of the Service indicates, 
includes a survey of the coasts of the United States made on a geodetic basis. This 
has involved the gradual construction of a great framework of interstate triangulation 
for use as a foundation for detail hydrographic and topographic surveys, from which 
there has been compiled and published a complete set of charts of the coasts of the 
United States, including all waters of Maryland where oysters grow. This existing 
triangulation, hydrography, and topography is essential as a foundation for a correct 
and practical survey of natural oyster bars; and it being one of the fundamental func- 
tions of the Coast and Geodetic Survey to furnish such data, the cooperation of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission is a practical and natural development of Government work leading to the 
conservation and increase of the supply of food. 

COOPERATION OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 

The Bureau of Fisheries has cooperated with the Coast and Geodetic Survey and 
the Maryland Shell Fish Commission principally as an adviser in matters relating to the 
biological and economic survey of oyster bars and the methods to be employed for that 
purpose. A steam launch, rowing boat, and certain apparatus have also been furnished. 

The primary function of the Bureau of Fisheries is to increase the productiveness 
of marine and fresh waters by such measures as may be best suited to the purpose, and 
the services rendered in connection with the survey of the oyster bars of Maryland are 
strictly in line with the fundamental law under which it acts. In certain States other 
than Maryland similar work has been conducted by the Bureau acting independently, 
the same ends being attained at greater expense to the Government. 

GENERAL STATEMENT OF WORK OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.'* 

The results obtained from the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in coopera- 
tion with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish Commission need very 

a See Appendix B for an extract from the "Second Report of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission," 
giving a concise summary of the " Haman Oyster Culture Law." 

b See Appendix D of this publication for "Statistics of results of combined operations of the Gov- 
ernment and State." 

c Hon. George M. Bowers, Commissioner of Fisheries, has detailed for this service Dr. H. F Moore, 
Assistant, Bureau of Fisheries. 

<* For a detail statement of the very large amount of excellent oyster survey work of the Maryland 
Shell Fish Commission see the "Annual Reports of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission." 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 13 

little other summary than is indicated by the published "Charts of Natural Oyster 
Bars" and the scheme of hydrographic projections and triangulation stations shown on 
the county progress maps attached to each report. 

The triangulation has been carried on in accordance with the standard methods 
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, making this work and that of the "Descriptions of 
Triangulation Stations" of permanent value, not only to the State of Maryland in the 
survey of her oyster bars, but also to the Government for any future work it may do 
in the regions covered by the oyster-survey operations. 

The boundaries of the various shellfish bottoms in relation to landmarks and the 
adjacent topography have been shown with all the accuracy permitted by the large- 
scale oyster charts published especially for that purpose. 

The technical and legal descriptions of the boundaries and the description of the 
location of landmarks havs been prepared and published in such a manner as to mini- 
mize the probability of future disputes in reference to their location. 

Stated another way and quoting from the report of the "Survey of Oyster Bars of 
Anne Arundel County:" 

The geographic positions of the permanent landmarks and signals have been determined with the 
usual precision of a trigonometric survey, and their locations at all points necessary to provide ample 
foundation for the surveying and charting operations permitted great accuracy of definition and loca- 
tion for the natural oyster bar and other boundaries established. At the same time, the very important 
element of permanency of the positions of boundaries has been secured, as the relocation of geodetic 
positions can always be accomplished by a competent surveyor, even though the original landmarks 
and monuments have been washed away, as has been the fate of hundreds of such points established 
by the Coast and Geodetic Survey on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay during the last sixty-five years. 

In fact, when the survey of the oyster bars of Maryland is completed, it is believed 
that it will stand the test of time and practical use as a working foundation for whatever 
form the oyster legislation of the future may assume, and that the doing of the work 
systematically and accurately, once for all, will lead finally to the development of a 
great natural food resource in the form of real oyster culture which will bring ample 
reward for all expenditures of the "oyster survey." 



REPORT OF THE WORK OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY IN 

CAEVERT COUNTY. 

. INSTRUCTIONS. 

The following two letters, together with the laws a of the United States relating 
to the subject, constitute the "instructions" received by the chief of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey party engaged on work in connection with the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission. They are short and definite, but furnish ample authority and leeway for 
all legitimate development of the cooperation of the Government and the State in the 
survey of oyster bars. The "free hand" permitted by these orders, together with the 
aid and many valuable suggestions received from the officers of the Survey at Wash- 
ington, have proved very beneficial to the work, and are greatly appreciated. 

Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Office of the Secretary, 

Washington, June 2, 1906. 
Sir: In reply to your letter of May 28, requesting me to designate officers of the Coast and Geo- 
detic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries to cooperate with the State of Maryland in making survey 
of and locating the natural oyster beds, I have the honor to inform you that Mr. C. C. Yates will be 
designated to cooperate on the part of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as soon as Congress makes the 
provisions of the act effective by providing an appropriation for the purpose. 
Respectfully, 

Lawrence O. Murray, Assistant Secretary. 
His Excellency Hon. Edwin Warfield, 

Governor of Maryland, Annapolis, Md. 



Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Coast and Geodetic Survey, 

Washington, July 3, jgo6. 
Sir: Upon the receipt of these instructions you will surrender the command, accounts, etc., of 
the steamer Endeavor to the Hydrographic Inspector. * * * 

As soon as this transfer is completed you will enter upon the duties of Coast Survey representative 
on the Shell Fish Commission of Maryland. 

You will consult the commissioners, prepare a programme of work, and submit estimates in the 
usual form. 

You are authorized to come to Washington for consultation from time to time as may be necessary. 
******* 

Very respectfully, 

O. H. TiTTmann, Superintendent. 
Capt. C. C. Yates, 

U. S. C. and G. S. Steamer Endeavor, Baltimore, Md. 

a For these laws see Appendix A. 
14 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 15 

ORGANIZATION AND EQUIPMENT. 

The personnel and occupation of the party of the Coast and Geodetic Survey have 
remained practically unchanged since the beginning of the "oyster survey " Besides 
the chief of party, it consists of the necessary triangulators, computers, draftsmen, 
and temporary employees required to carry on both the surveying operations in the 
field and the preparation for publication of oyster charts and technical records in the 
Office at Washington. 

The equipment for the work of the party has been ample and satisfactory. The 
large living and office quarters furnished the Government on the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission house boat Oyster have been very convenient for the work, besides facili- 
tating efficient cooperation with the surveying and oyster investigation parties of the 
State. In addition to the accommodations on the Oyster the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey party has had the constant use of the large steam launch Inspector and several 
other boats furnished by their own Service, and the occasional use of the Bureau of 
Fisheries launch Canvasback a and the steamer Governor McLane b of the State fishery 
force. 

The greater part of the equipment of instruments for the operations of both the 
Government and State have been furnished by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and 
consist of all necessary theodolites, levels, sextants, drafting instruments, hydrometers, 
etc., required for all field and office work. 

CHRONOLOGICAL STATEMENT OF WORK. 

The field work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in Calvert County c dates from 
May 2, 1908, when the house boat Oyster left Baltimore for an anchorage in the Patuxent 
River, inside of Solomons Island. She remained in this harbor for three months, it 
practically being the only suitable anchorage for the work for the entire Chesapeake 
Bay shore of Calvert County, as well as for the lower Patuxent River. During this 
period there was a great amount of windy weather and consequent rough seas, which 
prevented work in the open bay, and in general the triangulation foundation for the 
oyster survey made very slow progress. 

On August 4, 1 90S, the part of the work necessarily done from the mouth of the 
Patuxent River was completed, and the Oyster was moved about 7 miles up the river 
to St. Leonards Creek. 

On August 18, 1908, the headquarters for the field work was again changed by 
moving the house boat Oyster 8 miles still farther up the river to an anchorage in Battle 
Creek, where she remained until the completion of that part of the field work which 
naturally included all the Patuxent River work of Charles and St. Marys counties as 
well as that of Calvert County, although the results are published separately. 

On September 3, 1908, the house boat finally left the Patuxent River for a new 
anchorage in a tributary of the Potomac River, and the field work of Calvert County 

a By courtesy of Dr. H. F. Moore, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 

6 By courtesy of Capt. James A. Turner, commanding. 

c The field work of Calvert, Charles, and St. Marys counties was so intermixed in the Patuxent 
River that the chronological statement of work for any one of these counties necessarily includes a 
considerable part of the work of the other two counties. 



1 6 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

was dropped from that date until July 27, 1909, when it was again taken up for a period 
of four days to add a few details of the triangulation required for the descriptions of 
stations. 

On December 2, 1909, it was again found necessary to obtain further triangulation 
details for the publication of the technical report for Calvert County, and field work 
was carried on for that purpose from that date to December 8, 1909. 

The office work connected with the "oyster survey" of Calvert County, including 
computations and drafting necessary for the preparation of oyster charts and technical 
records for publications, was continued intermittingly with the office work of other 
counties surveyed during same season from the beginning of field work of Calvert County 
to the time of the filing of the certified oyster charts and reports in the archives of the 
Commission and with the clerk of the circuit court of Calvert County on December 
14, 1909. 

STATISTICS. 

Landmarks and triangulation signals erected 69 

Monuments planted to mark triangulation stations 67 

Triangulation stations occupied for observations of horizontal angles 52 

Old triangulation stations recovered 20 

New triangulation stations established ■ 58 

Total old and new triangulation stations marked and described 78 

Linear miles of shore line covered by triangulation (approximate) 95 

Square miles covered by triangulation (approximate) 157 

Hydrographic projections prepared and completed as records of oyster boundaries 8 

Triangles computed 152 

Geographic positions computed 59 

Corners of oyster boundaries established by computation 205 

Back azimuths and distances computed from corners of boundaries to triangulation stations 615 

Descriptions of triangulation stations prepared for publication 78 

Descriptions of oyster boundaries prepared for publication 41 

"Charts of Natural Oyster Bars" prepared for publication 5 

Progress map prepared for publication . 1 

GENERAL REMARKS. 

Before ending this report the representative of the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
wishes to renew his statement of appreciation of the courteous assistance received from 
various Government and State officials and others interested in the oyster industry of 
Maryland, especially to the following: 

To his colleague from the Department of Commerce and Labor, Dr. H. F. Moore 
of the Bureau of Fisheries, whose well-known scientific knowledge of all matters relating 
to oysters has been of great value to the work. 

a These statistics only include field and office work directly performed by the party of the Coast 
and Geodetic Survey in connection with the oyster survey of Calvert County, and do not include the 
many thousands of soundings and examinations of the character of the bottom made by the engineers 
of the Commission, which are of considerable value to the Coast and Geodetic Survey as hydrographic 
records for future use in connection with the preparation of new editions of charts of the waters of 
Maryland. See Appendix D of this publication for "Statistics of results of combined operations of 
the Government and the State." 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 17 

To Mr. Walter J. Mitchell, chairman of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, who, 
by his administrative ability in carrying out the complicated requirements of the oyster 
laws and by his unfailing tact, has made the cooperation of the various services engaged 
on the work both agreeable and effective. 

To Dr. Caswell Grave, secretary of the Commission, who, as editor of the Com- 
mission's annual report and Commissioner in charge of the biological and economic 
oyster investigations, has been brought into constant contact with the Government 
work and aided its operations in every way. 

To Mr. Benjamin EC. Green, treasurer of the Commission, who has looked after the 
equipment and commissary of the house boat in such a way as to add greatly to the 
comfort and convenience of the part)' of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

To Mr. Swepson Earle, hydrographic engineer to the Commission, whose knowledge 
of the work from former service in the Coast and Geodetic Survey has greatly facilitated 
his practical use of the technical data furnished by the Government. 

To Mr. Thomas H. Robinson, counsel to the Commission, for courteously furnishing 
valuable information relating to county boundaries. 

And to the many others connected with the Commission or who as residents in the 
locality where the work was being carried on have greatly assisted by furnishing impor- 
tant information or willing services. 
20908 — 10 2 



CHARTS AND MAPS. 

CHARTS OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS. 

The charts a of the natural oyster bars of Calvert Count)', published by the Coast 
and Geodetic Survey from results of surveys of the Government in cooperation with 
the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, consist of five sheets covering a portion of the 
waters of Chesapeake Bay and all of Patuxent River, including all oyster-producing 
bottoms of Calvert County. They are published on a scale of i part in 20,000 (approxi- 
mately 3j4 inches to a statute mile) and are constructed on polyconic projections and 
based on the United States standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

These charts show all oyster bars and other boundaries established by the Com- 
mission, and are certified for the purpose of filing in the office of the clerk of the circuit 
court of Calvert County and in the office of the Commission at Annapolis, as required 
by the oyster laws of Maryland. 

In addition to the oyster-bar and other boundaries, the charts show the location 
and name of all landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations) 
used in making the survey, together with the hydrography and topography b necessary 
to make the technical definitions and delineations of boundaries readily understandable 
both by the people engaged in the oyster industry and the general public who may 
become interested through leasing of barren bottoms for oyster culture. 

The names of the oyster bars are those used locally, as nearly as could be ascer- 
tained by the hydrographic engineer of the Commission. When there was no local 
name in common use, a name was selected from one of the prominent features of the 
vicinity. By the use of recognized names or those that would naturally suggest certain 
sections of water, it is believed that much confusion will be avoided in the location 'on 
the charts of the oyster bars, especially by those not familiar with the use of maps. 

The corners of the oyster bars are numbered from 1 to the total number of corners 
in each area under consideration. Where boundaries adjoin, making one point a corner 
of two or more oyster bars, these points have two or more numbers, each number corre- 
sponding to the bar in which the figure is located. The numbers of the corners correspond 
with the technical and legal descriptions of this publication under the heading 
"Boundaries of natural oyster bars.'' 

The landmarks and oyster bars have been grouped in the "Contents" of this publi- 
cation in accordance with the charts upon which they are shown. To find a particular 
oyster bar or landmark which is only known by name, consult the "Contents" and 



a These charts can be obtained by appl : cation to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, at Washington, D. C. 

6 Much of the detail of the inshore topography was obtained from the excellent map of Calvert 
County prepared and published by the Maryland Geological Survey under the direction of Dr. William 
Bullock Clark from surveys of the Maryland Geological Survey in cooperation with the U. S. Geological 
Survey. 

18 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 19 

the desired chart and general location will be indicated. To find the name of a bar or 
landmark which is only known by location, consult the progress map at the end of this 
publication for the number of the chart on which it is to be found, and then examine 
the known locality on the chart for the name of the bar or landmark in question. 

The contours on the charts showing the depth of water at mean low tide have been 
taken from the hydrographic sheets of former work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 
Four curves were selected as being the most convenient for taking off from the original 
bvdrographic sheets and the ones of greatest value to those interested in shellfish 
industries. The i-fathom contour (6 feet) and the 5-fathom' curve (50 feet) correspond 
in a general way to the inner and outer limits of all the oyster bars surveyed. The 
3-fathom contour (iS-feet) furnishes the curve of about the average depth of water on 
the oyster bars and the 10-fathom contour (60 feet) serves in a general way to indicate 
the outer limits of probable oyster culture. 

The boundaries of the waters within the "territorial limits of the county" and the 
boundaries of the "waters contiguous to the county" opened up for the leasing with 
Calvert County are plainly indicated on. the charts. A full technical description of 
these boundaries is given in this publication under the heading "Boundaries of county 
waters." 

The areas in acres of the oyster bars were determined under the direction of the 
hydrographic engineer of the Commission by two independent planimeter measurements 
of the areas as delineated on the smooth projections of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 
These areas are given in small figures in parentheses on the face of the chart within the 
boundaries of the different shellfish bottoms. 

The symbols used on the charts for the different kinds of boundaries, triangulation 
stations, contours of depth of water, etc., require no other explanation than that given 
in the legend and other notes on the face cf the charts. 

LEASING CHARTS. 

The leasing charts of Calvert County, like those for Anne Arundel, Somerset, 
Wicomico, and Worcester counties, have been prepared under the direction of 'the 
hydrographic engineer of the Commission. These charts are constructed on polyconic 
projections and are based on the United States standard datum of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey. They are made on the scales of 1 part in 5,000 or 1 part in 10,000, as 
the needs of oyster culture may require. Anne Arundel County required 13 leasing 
charts; Somerset County, 12 charts; Wicomico County, 2 charts; Worcester County, 
3 charts; and Calvert County 5 charts, to cover their oyster bottoms. 

These charts show all the oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds and other 
boundaries established by the Commission, and also all boundaries of oyster lots leased 
for the purpose of oyster culture, thus making them comprehensive and valuable records 
of the results of the operations of the oyster-culture laws. 

The lots leased under the provision of the "old 5-acre law" are frequently of 
irregular shape, but the lots leased under the provision of the new oyster laws must 
be of rectangular shape by the terms of that act. For this latter purpose the leasing 
charts have been divided by parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude into small 
rectangles of 1 acre or 5 acres, as may be best suited to the area under consideration, 



20 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

and prospective leaseholders by the rules of the Commission are compelled to select 
whole rectangles as far as practicable. 

For reasons of the present changeable nature of the number of lots leased and the 
large number of charts required, the leasing charts are not likely to be published for 
some years, but they can be seen at any time on file at the offices of the Commission, 
in Annapolis. 

PROJECTIONS. 

The polyconic projections a covering Calvert County waters are 8 in number and 
on the scale of i part in 10,000. They were constructed by draftsmen of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey, but the sextant positions which determine the location of the legal 
boundaries of the oyster bars as delineated by the Shell Fish Commission were plotted 
by the draftsman of the Commission. 

A copy of each of these projections, with all the plotted positions of triangulation 
stations, shore line, sextant positions, and boundaries of oyster bars, was made under 
the direction of the hydrographic engineer of the Commission by pricking through with 
a sharp needle the intersections of the projection lines and all other points as plotted 
on the original sheets. 

These projections (in duplicate) are the original records of all oyster-bar and other 
boundaries established by the Commission, one set being filed in the archives of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey, at Washington, and the other set in the office of the Shell 
Fish Commission, at Annapolis. 

PROGRESS MAPS. 

The progress map to be found at the end of this publication is on a scale of 1 part 
in 100,000, and shows in outline the work accomplished by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic 
Survey in Calvert County and contiguous waters. It gives the scheme of all the charts 
and' smooth projections constructed in connection with the survey, the location and 
names of all triangulation stations used as a basis for the surveying work, and the 
"boundaries of county waters" established by the Commission for the purpose of 
carrying out the laws of Maryland relating to oyster culture. 

Besides indicating the amount of work done by the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
in connection with the work of the Shell Fish Commission, this progress map will be. of 
special value for index purposes to engineers and others searching for the particular 
chart or projection covering the locality of the oyster bars or landmarks that may be 
under consideration. 

The progress maps b accompanying the first and second annual reports of the Mary- 
land Shell Fish Commission were prepared under the direction of the hydrographic 
engineer of the Commission. They are on the scale of 1 part in 400,000, and show the 
outline of the tide-water counties of Maryland, with shaded areas to indicate the waters 
already covered by the operations of the oyster survey. 

a For the scheme of these projections see the progress map at the end of this publication. 
t> These maps and reports can be obtained by application to Maryland Shell Fish Commission, 
Annapolis, Md. 



BOUNDARIES OF THE COUNTY WATERS. 

WATERS WITHIN TERRITORIAL LIMITS OF COUNTY. 

The laws of Maryland relating to oyster culture provide that "no person shall be 
permitted, by lease, assignment, or in any other manner, to acquire a greater amount 
of land than ten acres situated within the territorial limits of any of the counties, or 
one hundred acres in any other place." 

The boundary line 6 between the waters "within the territorial limits" of Calvert 
County and the waters in "any other place," as established by the Shell Fish Com- 
mission for the purpose of carrying out the oyster laws, and delineated on the charts 
and the smooth projections of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, is technically described 
and defined as follows : 

Commencing at a point denned by the intersection of the mean low-water line of the western shore 
of Chesapeake Bay in the vicinity of Hog Point and the boundary line between Anne Arundel and 
Calvert counties; thence along the mean low-water line of the Chesapeake Bay shore of Calvert County 
across the mouth of all inlets less than ioo yards in width, around Plum Point and Cove Point, to a point 
defined by latitude 38 19' 09". 8 and longitude -6° 25' 2i".o situated, on Drum Point on the northern 
side of the entrance to Patuxent River; thence along a straight line ending at a point defined by latitude 
38 ° 18' 35". 9 and longitude 76 23' 59.". 8 situated on Hog Point on the southern side of the entrance 
to Patuxent River, to a point defined by the intersection of this straight line and the Patuxent River 
channel boundary line between Calvert and St. Marys counties as laid down on "Chart No. 20, Natural 
Oyster Bars, Maryland;" thence up the channel of Patuxent River following the channel boundary 
line between Calvert and St. Marys counties and the channel boundary line between Calvert and 
Charles counties and the channel boundary line between Calvert and Prince Georges counties as laid 
down on "Charts Nos. 19 and 20, Natural Oyster Bars, Maryland;" thence continuing up the channel 
of Patuxent River following the channel boundary line between Calvert and Prince Georges counties 
to its end on the boundary line between Anne Arundel and Calvert counties, c 

WATERS CONTIGUOUS TO COUNTY. 

The oyster laws of Maryland provide that a true and accurate delineation of all 
natural oyster bars shall be made on copies of charts of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, "which said copies shall be filed in the office of the said Commissioners in the 
city of Annapolis," and "in the office of the clerks of the circuit courts for the respective 
counties wherein the grounds so designated may lie." 

« For a complete historical and legal description of the boundaries of the counties of Maryland, 
the valuable publication entitled "The Counties of Maryland — Their Origin, Boundaries, and Election 
Districts," prepared by Dr. Edward B. Mathews and published by the Maryland Geological Survey 
under the direction of Dr. William Bullock Clark, Superintendent, should be consulted, as the boundaries 
described in this publication have been established and technically defined for the purpose of carrying 
out the oyster laws of the State, and may or may not be correct for other purposes. 

''See "Charts of Natural Oyster Bars," published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the 
progress map at the end of this publication. 

c Latitudes and longitudes based on the United States standard (latum of the U. S. Coast and 
Geodetic Survey. 

21 



22 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

, For the purpose of carrying out the latter part of this section of the law and for 
the purpose of establishing the limits of the oyster-culture area to be opened up for 
leasing with each county surveyed, it is necessary for the Shell Fish Commission to 
establish a boundary line between the waters contiguous to but not within the terri- 
torial limits of each county and the waters contiguous to but not within the territorial 
limits of adjacent counties. 

This boundary line has been delineated on the "Charts of Natural Oyster Bars," 
published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and is technically described and defined 
as follows : 

Commencing at a point defined by the intersection of the mean low-water line of the western shore 
of Chesapeake Bay in the vicinity of Hog Point and the boundary line between Anne Arundel and 
Calvert counties; thence in a straight line along the Chesapeake Bay boundary between Anne Arundel 
and Calvert counties as laid down on "Charts Nos. 4 and 16, Natural Oyster Bars, Maryland," to a 
point defined by latitude 38 42' 33" .4 and longitude 76 27' 40". o situated about 3fs miles east of 
Hog Point; thence in a straight line along the Chesapeake Bay boundary between Calvert and Talbot 
counties and Calvert and Dorchester counties as laid down on "Charts Nos. 16, 17, and 18, Natural 
Oyster Bars, Maryland," to a point defined by latitude 38 30' oo".o and longitude 76 25' 3o".o 
situated about 4^3 miles east of Governors Run; thence in a straight line along the Chesapeake Bay 
boundary between Calvert and Dorchester counties as laid down on "Charts Nos. 17, 18, and 20, 
Natural Oyster Bars, Maryland," to a point defined by latitude 38° 23' 10". 3 and longitude 76 20' 00". o 
situated about 2?s miles east of Cove Point Light; thence in a straight line along the Chesapeake Bay 
boundary between Calvert and Dorchester counties as laid down on "Charts Nos. 18 and 20, Natural 
Oyster Bars, Maryland," to a point defined by latitude 38 19' 37". 7 and longitude 76° 19' ig".o 
situated about 5^4 miles southeast of Cove Point Light and about 5^ miles east by north of Drum 
Point Light; thence along the Chesapeake Bay boundary between Calvert and St. Marys counties as 
laid down on "Chart No. 20, Natural Oyster Bars, Maryland," to a point defined by the intersection 
of this boundary and a straight line between a point situated on Hog Point on the southern side of the 
entrance to Patuxent River defined by latitude 38 ° 18' 35". 9 and longitude 76° 23' 59". 8 and a point 
situated on Drum Point on the northern side of the entrance to Patuxent River defined by latitude 
38 19' 09". 8 and longitude 76 25' 2i".o; thence in a straight line to a point at the end defined by 
latitude 38 19' 09". 8 and longitude 76 25' 21". o situated on Drum Point on the northern side of the 
entrance to Patuxent River. 






See progress map at the end of this publication. 



LANDMARKS (U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY TRIANGULATION 

STATIONS). 

EXPLANATION - . 

The oyster laws of Maryland authorizing the survey to be made by the Shell Fish 
Commission provide for "an accurate report of said survey, setting forth such a descrip- 
tion of landmarks as may be necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to 
find and ascertain the boundary lines of said natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks, as 
shown by delineation on the maps and charts." The law of the United States author- 
izing the cooperation of the Department of Commerce and Labor in the survey of natural 
oyster bars of Maryland provides for the erection of "such structures as may be necessary 
to mark the points of triangulation, so that the same may be used for such future work 
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter required to 
perform in prosecuting the Government coast survey of the navigable waters of the 
United States located within the State of Maryland." 

Under the provisions of the sections of the laws stated above, the markings and 
descriptions of landmarks must be sufficient for the present and future needs of both 
the Government and the State. With this end in view, considerable work has been 
expended in erecting permanent monuments at the triangulation stations and in the 
proper description' of their location. 

An effort has been made to arrange the descriptions of location and character of 
landmarks in a uniform and logical manner. The descriptions start with the assump- 
tion that the individual seeking a landmark has only an indefinite idea of its location. 
They gradually proceed from description of the general locality of a landmark to the 
descriptions of its immediate surroundings. This is followed by specific details of the 
character of the center and reference marks and a "round" of reference angles and 
distances which in themselves frequently contain enough information to furnish an 
independent and reliable location of the triangulation station. 

METHOD OF DESCRIBING TRIANGULATION STATIONS. 

The separate descriptions oj triangulation stations should not he used without reading 
the following explanation oj the method oj describing the triangulation stations, as it con- 
tains certain details that are common to all the landmarks described in this publication 
and which are omitted in the separate descriptions as being need/ess repetitions. 

Name. — The title at the top of each separate description is the name by which 
the landmark or triangulation station is known and designated in all work and pub- 
lished oyster records or oyster charts of both the Government and State. The selec- 
tion of the name is usually left to the triangulator establishing the station, and it may 
or may not have geographic or other significance in reference to the locality. 

General locality. — Under this heading is given the general locality of the landmark 
in reference to well-known and prominent natural or artificial features, such as the 

23 



24 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

nearest body of water, town, river, steamer wharf, well-defined point of land, church, 
or any other feature that is likely to remain both permanent and prominent. 

This heading also covers a reference to the published chart or map which shows 
the location of the station most clearly. Nearly all the triangulation stations described 
in this publication are plainly indicated by name and a triangulation symbol on .the 
published charts of oyster bars of Maryland. In this case they are referred to by serial 
number only, the words "charts of oyster bars of Maryland" being omitted to avoid 
needless repetition. These published oyster charts are on the large scale of i part in 
20,000 (approximately 3^ inches to a statute mile) and show the location of the trian- 
gulation stations so clearly that in many cases the written descriptions will not be 
required to find them. 

Immediate locality. — Under this heading is given the description of the "observed 
station" in reference to its immediate surroundings. This is supposed to include a 
statement of the station's estimated elevation above high water or some other well- 
defined level of the locality, such as a road or house; the character of the ground on 
which it" is located, such as marsh land, sand beach, cultivated field, or meadow; esti- 
mated bearings in points of the compass and estimated distances in yards from {not to) 
easily recognized features, such as extreme end of point, edge of bluff, bank of creek, 
line of telephone poles, shore line, barn, house, fence, ditch, trees, or any other definite 
detail, such as being on range with the tangent of an island and a church; and so forth. 

When a standard monument has been established near the station as a "reference 
station," this heading also covers a statement of the true bearing of the monument in 
degrees and minutes and its measured distance in meters, as it is the first object that 
is likely to catch the eye when the immediate vicinity of the desired station is reached 
and might be mistaken for the center mark of the "observed station" unless special 
attention is called to it. 

The distinction between the "observed station" and "reference station" should 
be carefully noted by anyone making use of the description of stations for any future 
surveying operations. 

The "observed station" is located at the particular triangulation point covered by 
the description of stations, and is the one whose geographic position is first computed, as 
it is the point which was "occupied" and "observed on" for horizontal angles. How- 
ever, in spite of the primary importance of the location of the "observed station," 
it will be noted from the description of stations that frequently it is not marked as well 
as the "reference station," and in many instances has only a pine stub to indicate its 
position. This is the case for the reason that the necessity of intervisibility of land- 
marks usually made it compulsory to locate "observed stations" on edges of banks and 
ends of points of land, which in the tide-water section of Maryland generally means they 
will be washed away in a short period of years. The past experience of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey in this region has shown the great need of "reference stations," if the 
frequent reestablishment of a new framework of triangulation is to be avoided. 

The chief reason and need for the establishment of the "reference station," or 
secondary station, as it might be well named, is explained in the preceding paragraph, 
but in several instances other reasons, such as the location of the "observed station" 
on an unstable sand dune, in a cultivated field, in front of a residence, or other places 



Survey of ( hster Bars, Calvert Comity, Md. 25 

objection;.!)'.!.' lo the landowner, have led to establishment of "reference stations." 
The location of the "reference station" in relation to the "observed station" is fixed 
for plotting on charts or for computation of its geographic position by checked measure- 
ments of its distances and azimuth from the "observed station."" 

Marks. — Under this heading is given a description of the character of the permanent 
monuments or other marks of the location of the "observed station," and of the "refer- 
ence station" where one has been established. 

All the marks designated in the descriptions as "the center point of triangle on 
standard cement monument" are exactly alikt. These monuments are made of cement, 
sand, and gravel, and are 2 feet long and 8 inches square at top and bottom. Their tops 
are all marked with the same brass mold and show a center hole surrounded by a 
triangle, with the letters "M. S. F. C." arranged around the vertex and the letters 
"U. S. C. S." underneath the base of the triangle. The center hole is always in the 
center of the top of the monument by construction, and if this is found to have been 
broken off without disturbing the bottom the center of its square section can be used 
as the location of the station. 

All the "standard cement monuments," whether used for marking the "observed 
station" or "reference station," have been planted upright in exactly the same manner, 
with their tops projecting 3 or 4 inches above the surface of the ground, unless otherwise 
stated. 

Therefore, as the above facts in reference to the "standard cement monuments" 
are a constant element in all cases, the repetition of these facts in the description of 
stations is made needless by this one statement. 

References. — Under this heading are given the "rounds" of directions and distances 
to all objects that might be useful in locating the stations when the surface marks can 
not be found. It is also contemplated that for general purposes of topography, hydrog- 
raphy, or location of boundaries of oyster bars these references will be sufficient in 
many cases to relocate the position of an "observed station" or "reference station" 
when both of them have been destroyed. 

The first reference object given in the descriptions is always a triangulation station 
visible from the station being described, this, if possible, being a light-house, church 
spire, or other permanent and prominent point. Its direction is taken as being 
o° 00' 00", and the directions of all other objects are measured from it as an initial 
point, the angles being taken in a clockwise direction (left to right). 

The true bearing b of the initial object is always given in parenthesis alongside 
its name. This furnishes means for the calculation of the bearings of any of the other 
reference objects for the purposes of locating a station by horizontal angles or for the 
relocation of corner buoys of oyster-bar boundaries by the method of compass directions 
described in this publication under the heading of "Boundaries of oyster bars." 

The distances in the last column under "References" are given in three different 
units, which vary according to their accuracy. The "miles" are statute miles and may 

"Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) and the distance and azimuth relating to any of 
the "observed stations" or of the "reference stations" described in this publication can be obtained 
by application to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, at Washington, D. C. 

b The mean magnetic variation for Calvert County was 5° 50' west of north in 1909 and increasing 
at the rate of 3' yearly. 



26 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md, 



be considered only as rough estimates. The "yards" are more accurate, but must be 
looked on as results generally obtained by pacing or careful estimating. The "meters," 
however, are accurate to the degree indicated by their decimals and in every case have 
been measured with a steel tape. In the same manner the accuracy of the directions 
are indicated by the refinement of angular measure with which they are recorded. 

DESCRIPTIONS OF TRIANGULATION STATIONS. 

HOLLAND. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, on south side of entrance to Herring Bay on 
Holland Point. (See Chart No. 16.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 30 yards west of point, 5 feet back from the top of 
a bank 7 feet high, 12 yards north of a large blazed tree and 25 yards east of another large blazed tree. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 12.88 meters S 33 52' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a pine stub. Reference station is center point of triangle 
on standard cement monument. 

References.— ° ' " 

"Fairhaven" (N 48° 13' W) o 00 00 2 % miles. 

Nail in blaze on red-oak tree {2 l /i feet diam- 
eter) 238 49 __ 1 1. 1 7 meters. 

Reference station 262 05 00 12.88 meters. 

Nail in blaze on red -oak tree (2% feet diam- 
eter) 286 55 __ 22.63 meters. 

Note. — This station was established and described in 1906 during the survey of the oyster bars 
of Anne Arundel County. 

HOG POINT (HOLLAND 3). 



General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, about half way between Herring Bay and 
Chesapeake Beach, on Hog Point, which is near the land end of boundary line between Anne Arundel 
and Calvert counties. (See Chart No. 16.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 5 feet above high water mark on a narrow strip 
of solid land 25 yards by 10 yards between the edge of a large marsh and the bay shore, about 60 
yards north of the point where the shore line changes direction from north and south to northeast 
and southwest. It is about 4 yards west of the bay shore, 4 yards east of top edge of hummock near 
marsh, 7 yards east of edge of marsh, 9 yards north northwest of point of a hummock, and 18 yards 
south by west of point of another hummock. Cement monument marking reference station of 1908 
is 2.13 meters S 8o° 38' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in center of drain tile set in cement, with top flush with ground, 
the cement being roughly scribed " U. S. C. & G. S., 1907." Subsurface marks to observed station 
were reported in 1907 as being two hexagonal drain tiles placed one directly over the other, with top 
of upper 3 feet below the surface of the ground. Reference station of 1907 is marked the same as the 
observed station, except that only one drain tile was used as subsurface mark. Reference station 
of 1908 is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' 

"Sharps Island Light" (S 58° 46' E) o 00 

Left tangent of North Chesapeake Beach 

wharf 58 16 

Flagstaff on center of Carousel roof 64 49 

Large brick chimney 75 34 

Water tank 76 44 

Nail in blaze in white oak (16 inches diam- 
eter) 138 

Reference station 1908 (cement monu- 
ment) 139 23 40 



00 . tji/s, miles. 

.. y± mile. 

30 1 ^-| miles 



3° 

5° 



2 miles. 
2 miles. 



40 20 6.32 meters. 



2.13 meters. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



27 



Nail in blaze in pin oak (18 inches diam- ° ' " 

eter) 190 18 20 . 7.98 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pin oak (16 inches diam- 
eter 1 236 14 __ 17.65 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pin oak (18 inches diam- 
eter),.. -- 250 02 20 21.96 meters. 

Reference .station- 1907 (tile) 255 18 50 11. 13 meters. 

Left tangent of woods on eastern shore of 

bay... 299 44 5° 9X miles. 

Note. — This station is also known as "Holland 3 of 1907," but the name has been changed to 
"Hog Point (Holland .V)" in the oyster survey work of Calvert County, in order to avoid confusion 
with "Holland 1906," which is only 1 mile to the north. 

BEACH. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, about 1 mile south of Chesapeake Beach and 
1 .. mile south of the first marshy slough south of Chesapeake Beach. (See Chart No. 16.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 110 feet above high water and 7 yards back from 
the edge of the highest bluff in this vicinity. The ground falls off rapidly to the southwest and west 
of the station, and is covered with brush and small locust trees. A cultivated field extends to within 
to vards of the station on the northwest. Cement monument marking reference station of 1908 is 
11.40 meters N 85 05' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in center of drain tile set in cement, with top flush with ground. 
Subsurface marks to observed station were reported in 1907 as being two hexagonal drain tiles placed 
one directly over the other, with top of upper 3 feet below the surface of the ground. Reference sta- 
tion of 1907 is marked the same as the observed station, except that only one drain tile was used as a 
subsurface mark. Reference station of 1908 is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References.— ° ' " 

"Hog Point (Holland 3)" (N 2 55' E) ... o 
Outside end of wharf at North Chesapeake 

Beach o 

Outside end of wharf near Chesapeake 

Beach • ' 18 17 

"Sharps Island Light" 1 102 46 20 

Nail in blazed locust tree 161 08 00 

REFERENCE station (cement monument, 

1908) 272 00 20 

Old reference point (tile — 1907) 282 13 

Nail in blazed locust tree 289 58 

Near gable of house 343 16 

High View Hotel 344 57 

Cupola at Chesapeake Beach 348 04 

Flagpole of "merry-go-round" at Chesa- 
peake Beach 353 44 

Left corner of house at North Chesapeake 

Beach 358 26 .. 2 miles. 



00 00 . 



45 



miles. 



miles. 



1 mile. 
Si 4 miles. 
16. 85 meters. 



20 1 1 . 40 meters. 

10 10. 25 meters. 

20 8. 47 meters. 

1 mile. 

' .. mile. 

_. -':,' mile. 

.. V. mile. 



ILL 2. 
General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about .''., miles south of Chesapeake Beach 



Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 90 feet above high water and 12 feet west of edge 
of bluff which rises rapidly from the south. It is in a cultivated field about 100 yards south of a fence 
and trees running east and west and 7 feet west of a wire fence along edge of cliff. No other permanent 
reference objects near station. Cement monument marking reference station is 23.84 meters S 8o° 
43' W of station 



28 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



■Marks. — Observed station is nail in cement in center of drain tile with top flush with ground. 
Subsurface marks to observed station were reported in 1907 as being two hexagonal drain tiles placed 
one directly over the other with top of upper 3 feet below the surface of the ground. Reference station 
of 1907 is marked the same as the observed station, except that only one drain tile was used as a sub- 
surface mark. Reference station of 1908 is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Sharps Island Light" (S 82 30' E) o 

Tangent of land to south 62 

New gable of unpainted barn 104 

Left chimney of four-gabled house 116 

North gable of small barn 127 

Center chimney of white house 140 

REFERENCE station of 1908 (cement mon- 
ument) 163 

East gable of unpainted barn 164 

Chimney on outside of old house 169 

Reference station of 1907 (tile) 179 

South gable of house at North Beach 260 

Tangent of woods on Holland Point 263 

Tangent on north end of Poplar Island 305 



00 
39 
49 
36 
15 
33 



4i 
5i 
29 
36 



%yi miles. 
T.yi miles. 

% mile. 
1 mile. 

yi mile. 

Vi mile. 



40 23.83 meters. 

-. 5i5 mile. 

-_ ._ 1 mile. 

20 -__^__ 16.80 meters. 

__ 2J-2 miles. • 

-- 4,5-2 miles. 



59 __ 10,34 miles. 



PLUM 3. 



General locality: — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about 1^4 miles north by west of Plum Point 
wharf and about yi mile north by west of Plum Point. (See Chart No. 16.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 7 yards west of edge of first bluff north of low land 
above Plum Point wharf and 1 2 yards south of rail fence and a line of bushes and cedar trees. Cement 
monument marking reference station of 1908 is 14.03 meters S 81 ° 43' W of observed station. No 
other reference objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of drain tile with top flush with ground. Subsurface marks 
to observed station were reported in 1907 as being two hexagonal drain tiles placed one directly above 
the other with the top of the upper tile 3 feet below the surface of the ground. Reference station of 
1907 is marked the same as the observed station except that only one drain tile was used as a subsurface 
mark. Reference station of 1908 is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Sharps Island Light" (N 81 c 31' E) o 

Peak of near gable of large house 10 

Outer end of Plum Point wharf 78 

Chimney outside of north end of house 120 

Southwest peak of barn 150 

Reference station 1908 (cement monu- 
ment) 1 80 

Reference station 1907 (tile) 213 

Tangent to Holland Point 273 

Right tangent Chesapeake Beach wharf 273 

Left tangent Poplar Island 312 

Large lone tree Poplar Island 319 

Left chimney of house 326 

Left chimney of house 334 

Steeple on church or house Tilghman Island. 341 



00 
15 

13 

22 

27 



00 7 S/i miles. 

_. 8X miles. 

_ _ _ . _ . . 1 ]4 miles. 

_. \% miles. 

_ _ 34" mile. 



12 
3i 



20 

10 



. 14.03 meters. 

_ 14.23 meters. 
7 l /i miles. 

56 _ . . 4% miles. 

43 10 12 Smiles. 

39 10 12 miles. 

30 __ 1 2 }i miles. 

55 __ 11 miles. 

02 00 10 miles. 



PIER. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about south southeast of Plum Point on outer 
end of wharf at Plum Point Landing. (See Charts Nos. 16 and 17.) 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 29 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on outer part of wharf known as Plum Point Landing about 
20 yards from extreme end and nearly on line with northern side of warehouse. 

Marks. — Observed station is an auger hole bored in plank flooring of wharf surrounded by a triangle 
marked by nails. 
References. — 

Northeast corner of calf pen Southeast 6.68 meters. 

Northwest corner of calf pen_ South southeast 4.48 meters. 

Rail of fence on south edge of wharf South 2. 03 meters. 

Prolongation of line of north side of ware- 
house North o. 11 meter. 

South rail of wharf track . North 0.92 meter. 

North rail of wharf track North 2.36 meters. 

North side of wharf North 3.39 meters. 

West side of warehouse East 8.60 meters. 

SHARPS ISLAND LIGHT. 

General locality. — Easterly side of Chesapeake Bay off entrance to Choptank River on a shoal 
about i's miles north northwest of Sharps Island. (See Chart No. 16.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on light-house known as "Sharps Island Light." 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of black lantern on top of tower on a cylindrical caisson 
foundation. 

Reference. — ° ' " 

" Parker" (S 44 36' W) o 00 00 10 miles. 

PEN. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about half way between Plum Point and 
Governors Run on the outer end of Dares Wharf. (See Chart No. 17.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on outer part of Dares Wharf about 30 yards from the 
extreme end, 12 yards west of warehouse, and 1 yard north of south side of wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is auger hole in plank flooring surrounded by a triangle marked by nails. 
References. — 

Southwest corner of warehouse East by south 1 1.10 meters. 

Inside corner on angle in wharf East by south 5.09 meters. 

South edge of wharf South 0.95 meter. 

South rail of straight track at point of frog_ North _ 2.13 meters. 

South rail of curved track North 0.90 meter. 

North edge of wharf North 4.15 meters. 

Southwest corner of cattle pen Northeast 7.12 meters. 

Southeast corner of cattle pen Northeast by north. 9.63 meters. 

Northwest corner of warehouse Northeast by north. 12.80 meters. 

PATCH. 

General local it)'. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about 1 mile south of Dares Wharf. (See 
Chart No. 17.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a high bluff of land about 65 yards back from its edge. 
Station is in a cultivated field and on a high knoll and the land slopes away from it on all sides. A locust 
thicket stands northwest of the station and the land slopes steeply from the station to the thicket. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 9.07 meters N 52 41' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail set in cement in tile pipe buried with top about 15 inches below 
the surface of the ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument 
References. — ° ' " 

"Sharps Island Light "1 X 50 39' E) o 00 00 10 miles. 

"Cove Point Light" ._ 96 01 20 15 miles. 

Tangent to Point of Rocks . 98 30 __ 4 miles. 



30 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



East end of Governors Run wharf 112 57 

East end of roof of barn :_ 155 25 

Nail in blazed locust (old reference mark)_ _ 210 17 

Nail in blazed locust (old reference mark),. 226 02 

REFERENCE station (cement monument). 256 49 

East peak of large barn on hill 257 14 

East end of Plum Point wharf 316 50 

PARKER. 



.. \]4 miles. 

__ 1 mile. 

50 1 1 .93 meters. 

50 12.04 meters. 

10 9.07 meters. 

__ yi mile. 

- - j,yi miles. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about 2 miles north of Governors Run wharf 
and 2'4 miles south of Dares Wharf. (See Chart No. 17.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 100 feet above high water, 10 yards west of edge of 
bluff, 50 yards north of a small stream in a deep gully, and 25 yards east of cultivated field back of a 
growth of locust trees. The land slopes rapidly to the small stream from a point about 10 yards south 
of the station. Reference station is 23.29 meters N 83 ° 45' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in center of tile pipe filled with cement. Reference station is 
center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Cove Point Light" (S 36 ° 39' E) o 00 00 11 miles. 

East end of Governors Run wharf 11 10 __ 1% miles. 

Reference station 132 54 10 23.29 meters. 

Nail in blazed locust 159 39 

East end of Dares Wharf 223 

"Sharps Island Light" 261 

White house on Eastern Shore 327 



25 8.19 meters. 

45 3X miles. 

10 30 11 miles. 

32 __ 10 miles. 



RUN. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay on Governors Run wharf. (See Charts Nos. 
17 and 18.) 

Immediate locality. — East peak of wharf house. 

Marks. — Observed station is braced pole with cage on east peak of wharf house on Governors Run 
wharf. 

References. — None necessary. 

POPLAR. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about 2 miles south of Governors Run wharf 
(See Chart No. 18.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field about 60 feet above high w ; ater, 50 feet 
west from edge of bluff, 25 yards south of a ravine which starts at shore, 115 yards north of where 
high cliff covered with trees commences to rise rapidly, and 30 yards from a large poplar tree on opposite 
side of a ravine with sycamore, cherry, and locust trees along its edge. Another bluff rises rapidly on 
opposite side of ravine. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with a sub- 
surface mark of a nail in a short stub. 

References.— ° ' " 

"Sharps Island Light" (N 27° 41' E) o 00 00 12 miles. 

Tangent of James Point woods 18 28 .. 8 miles. 

White house on Eastern Shore 65 00 __ 8 miles. 

Chimney on house 198 25 _. 1 mile. 

East peak of barn 203 37 .. \% miles. 

East end of Governors Run wharf 309 18 __ \% miles. 

Chimney on white house above " Parker" _ 310 45 __ 2 yi miles. 

South peak of barn 311 47 .. 2^ miles. 

Peak of unpainted barn 317 23 .. 3 miles. 



Survey of ( Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Mil. 31 

o r ft 

East end of Dares Wharf 320 43 ._ 4 miles. 

East end of Plum Point wharf 324 57 1 _ 8 miles. 

Tangent of Plum Point 325 04 . . 9 miles. 

FLAG POND. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, 3 J 4 miles north-northwest of Point of Rocks 
and 4 miles southeast of Governors Run. (See Chart No. 18.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass land between bay shore and swamp 
about 5 feet above high water, 35 yards south of shore, 20 yards northwest of shore, 9 yards north- 
west of cedars between shore and station, 10 yards west of cedars and bushes, 25 yards west of shore, 
and 10 yards northeast of swamp. Cement monument marking reference station is 9.02 meters N 
87 ° 33' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a spike in cement in a stovepipe 4 inches in diameter and 1 foot long 
placed on top of a cement post 6 inches square with a ,' 4-inch galvanized iron rod core. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Cove Point Light" (S 41 37' E) o 00 00 6> 4 ' miles. 

Spike in blaze 10 48 40 13.56 meters. 

Spike in blaze in cedar tree 131 36 40 14.88 meters. 

Reference station 134 23 30 9.02 meters. 

Spike in blaze in cedar tree 162 27 __ 18.48 meters. 

Spike in blaze in cedar tree 269 43 30 8.80 meters. 

Right edge of main woods 282 19 50 7% miles. 

Left peak of house 302 07 50 7 '4 miles. 

Left peak of house with two dormer 

windows. 318 18 _. 8J 2 miles. 

WILSON 2. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, about 5 miles northwest of "Cove Point 
Light." (See Chart No. 18.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sand bluff about 80 feet above high water, 30 yards 
south from one edge of bank, 15 yards southwest of another edge of bank, 20 yards northwest from 
point where decline begins toward southeast, 3 yards south of cultivated land, about ' 4 mile north- 
northeast of house with two large chimneys on each end, and about ) i mile northeast of a barn. Cement 
monument marking reference station is 1.56 meters N 88° 28' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a '4-inch galvanized wire set in center of cement post about 6 inches 
square with top about 6 inches below surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle 
on standard cement monument with top 6 inches above ground. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Sharps Island Light" (N 14 54' El o 00 00 14 miles. 

Le*ft of main woods iS 23 _. 15 ' 4 miles. 

Reference station 73 34 20 1.56 meters. 

Left peak of house 84 40 40 8 miles. 

Near corner of near chimney of Wilson 

house 191 02 __ J 4 mile. 

Peak of barn 225 25 _. '.mile. 

POINT OF ROCKS. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Pay, on Point of Rocks, about 2 -'4' miles northwesl 
of Cove Point Light. (See Chart No. 18.) 



32 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

lr^mediaie locality. — Observed station is in dense woods on a bluff about 90 feet high, 5 yards 
west of edge at extreme point, 8 yards south of edge of bluff, and 5 yards northwest of edge of bluff. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 9.42 meters S 66° 44' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in center of round stake 4 inches in diameter with top flush 
with ground driven into a 6-inch drain tile with top 6 inches below the surface. Subsurface mark 
was reported in 1898 as a 6-inch drain tile set just below upper tile. Reference station is center point 
of triangle on standard cement monument with top 4 inches above surface of ground. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Cove Point Light" (S 43° 26' E) o 00 00 2% miles. 

Center nail in blaze of tree (13 inches diam- 
eter) 19 19. 40 5.64 meters. 

Center nail in blaze of tree (13 inches diam- 
eter) 90 05 30 5.62 meters. 

Reference station no 09 30 9.42 meters. 

Nail in blaze in tree (9 inches diameter) 126 35 40 4.16 meters. 

Right tangent Governors Run Wharf 186 20 20 7 }i miles. 

Tangent of main woods 249 57 __ 8 yi miles. 

Left peak of large house 297 45 20 6 miles. 

Northerly peak of large house 312 17 30 6^ miles. 

COVE POINT LIGHT. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay on Cove Point, which is about 5 miles to 
northward of entrance to Patuxent River. (See Charts Nos. 18 and 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on white tower known as "Cove Point Light" which is 
near white detached dwelling and white detached fog signal house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of black lantern on white tower. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Cedar Point Light" (S 7° 16' E) o 00 00 6 miles. 

WHITE HOUSE (N. E. CHIMNEY). 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay about 1 mile southwest of Cove Point Light 
and ^4 mile southwest of Cove Point Landing. (See Charts Nos. 18 and 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is a chimney standing alone about 300 yards southwest of 
Cove Point Landing which was formerly the more northeasterly of two chimneys on a house that was 
destroyed by fire. This chimney is near a white house which was built to replace the destroyed house. 

Marks. — A chimney standing apart from a small white house owned by Mrs. Hagland. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Cove Point Light" (N 39° 54' E) o 00 00 1 mile. 

TR AVERS 2. 

General locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on western side of Taylors Island about 4 
miles south of James Point. (See Chart No. 18.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 4 feet above high water mark in a field which was 
once under cultivation but is now covered with water bushes, about 40 yards east of shore and 15 feet 
north of a wire fence which starts at the shore and runs east. A stone used as an old reference mark 
stands 9.41 meters N 26 53' E of observed station and the cement monument markingnew reference 
station is 9.52 meters N 77° 20' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a granite post projecting above the ground with cross lines running 
approximately north to south and east to west. New reference station is center point of triangle on 
standard cement monument. Old reference station is a cross on a granite post projecting above the 
ground with one of the cross lines running in the direction of Cove Point Light. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



33 



References.— ° 

"Cove Point Light" (S 26 15' W) o 

Governors Run Wharf 77 

Tangent of woods at waters edge 123 

Near peak of two-story house 173 

Old reference stone (granite post) 180 

Chimney of 1 ' 2 story house 195 

New REFERENCE station (cement monu- 
ment) 256 

Near corner of small cabin 271 

Near chimney of house among trees 300 



00 00 6 ! 2 miles. 

12 . . 9 > , miles. 

40 _ _ '2 mile. 

23 _ . % mile. 

38 20 9.41 meters. 

47' ._ % mile. 

24 50 9.52 .meters. 

32 _. ' 4 ' mile. 

54 _. ' 2 mile. 



Near peak of small house 304 54 __ a^ mile. 

PRINCE. 

General locality. — Western shore of Patuxent River about }^ mile north of mouth of Swanson 
Creek. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in pasture about 20 feet above high water, 15 yards north- 
west of edge of bank, 75 yards northeast of a grove of trees and 100 yards southwest of another grove 
of trees. Locust trees form a fringe along edge of bank. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument 
References.— ° 

"Leitch" (S 83 01' E) o 

Square chimney on house o 

Chimney on store at Buena Vista 19 

Chimney of Dr. Huggins house at Buena 

Vista 21 

Nearest chimney on Gourley house on Hal- 
lowing Point 55 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches 

diameter) 79 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches 

diameter) 110 

Outside chimney on large house on hill 150 

Near end of peak of roof '. 226 

Middle of clump of trees 273 

Chimney of house 311 

Nail in blaze in crotch of locust tree (6 
inches diameter) 350 

LEITCH. 



00 00 }4 niile. 

02 .. J4 mile. 

15 _. 1 J4 miles. 

07 _. 1 '4 miles. 



16 



miles. 



38 30 15.94 meters. 



13 
45 
02 



30 14.55 meters. 

_. % mile. 

.- 34 mile. 

00 ._ 100 yards. 

04 _. 1 24 miles. 

39 10 1927 meters. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Patuxent River on prominent point opposite mouth of Swanson 
Creek given on chart as Gods Grace Point but known locally as Leitchs Point. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass land about 1 foot above high water 
and 3 yards north of straight line connecting two round points. It is about 13 yards northwest of 
the lower of these two points and 9 yards east of upper point. A creek 3 feet wide has its mouth about 
19 yards east by south of the station. There are no permanent objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Prince" (N 83 ° 00' W) o 00 00 14, mile. 

Near end of corner peak of roof of large 

house on hill 25 02 ._ i^f miles. 

Near end of peak of wharf-house roof 77 46 __ % mile. 

Right chimney of house 183 32 __ yi mile. 

20908 — 10 3 



34 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



Right chimney of Gourley house 253 

Canning-house stack 277 

"Catholic Church Cross" 281 

Chimney of small house 308 

Right outside chimney of old house 328 

Right outside chimney of old house 343 

FODDER. 



58 


-- 


22 


00 


35 


30 


52 


-- 


43 


-- 


05 


-- 



2 miles. 

2 miles. 

2 miles. 

1 mile. 
1J-4 miles. 
\ l A miles. 



General locality. — Western shore of Patuxent River on the southern side of the mouth of Swanson 
Creek about 1 mile west-southwest of Leitch Wharf and }i mile west-northwest of Point Judith (locally 
known as Teague Point). (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on the edge of cultivated land about 10 feet above high- 
water mark, 4 yards west of edge of bank, and 9 yards north of another edge. Cement monument mark- 
ing reference station is 15.21 meters S 60° 52' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with a top 9 
inches square and 8 inches above surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on 
standard cement monument with a top about 8 inches square and 5 inches above surface of ground. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Prince" (N 25 ° 00' E) o 

Near peak of large house on bluff 17 

Right corner of house 24 

Near peak of Leitch Wharf house 35 

Left peak of Leitch house 48 

Front peak of house at Buena Vista . '. 75 

Chimney outside left end of house on hill 87 

Near peak of small house 101 

Large chimney on small house 174 

Left side of left chimney outside Bowling 

house 211 47 

Reference station 215 52 

Left corner of house on top of hill '.. 318 27 



55 
08 
1 1 

37 
00 
16 
33 

43 



% mile. 

2 miles. 

i^i miles. 

\% miles. 

iX miles. 

\ l /i, miles. 

2 miles. 

K mile. 

1 mile. 



__ J^ mile. 

30 15.21 meters. 

.- 1 mile. 



BUENA. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Patuxent River about 1 % miles northeast of Benedict at place 
known as Buena Vista. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a field on land adjoining house owned by S. V. Smith and 
occupied by Doctor Huggins. It is about 10 feet above high water, 8 yards east of edge of bank, and 12 
yards south of a rail fence. Cement monument marking reference station is 11. 11 meters N 5 42' E 
of observed station and near fence. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub with top 2 inches above ground, 
ter point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References— ° ' " 

"Hallowing" (S 27° 22' W) o 00 00 _. 

Center of red roof on square house near 

Benedict 18 05 .. 

Canning-house stack 21 30 ._ 

"Catholic Church Cross" 29 04 10 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diam- 
eter) 31 

Left chimney of old house 66 15 

Left chimney. of old house 72 52 



Reference station is cen- 



miles. 






48 40 8.58 

3 
. 3 



miles 
miles, 
miles. 

meters. 

miles. 

miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 35 

Nail in blaze on cherry trtv 1 2 inches diam- 
eter) - 99 05 9.70 meters. 

Peak of roof of large house. . . .. -- 99 >5 4 miles. 

Chimney of house near Leitch Wharf, . 108 52 1 mile. 

Nail in blaze on fence post - - — 143 33 50 — . 11.18 meters. 

Reference station . 158 20 20 . 11. 11 meters. 

Near corner of house 159 44 - — -5 yards. 

Cherry tree on fence line (15 inches diam- 
eter) 221 25 35 yards. 

Double apple tree ^cinches diameter) 290 54 .. — .. 59 yards. 

TEAGUE. 

General locality. — Western shore of Patuxent River on point on southern side of entrance to Swan- 
Son Creek, locally known asTeague Point, and given on chart as Point Judith. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on gravel and grass land about 3 feet above high water, 
about 11 yards from south side, 16 yards from north-northeast side, and 75 yards west by north of 
extreme end of point. Bushes stand between station and north side of point. There are no perma- 
nent reference objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Buena" (N 85° 24' E) o 00 00 iyi miles. 

Tangent of Teague Point 20 00 .. . 75 yards. 

Near corner of right chimney of Gourley 

house near Hallowing Point 65 45 _. 1^ miles. 

Canning-house stack 106 18 00 1 ' 4 miles. 

Near end of peak of hotel 108 12 ._ 1 ' 4 ' miles. 

Left one of two ivy-covered chimneys 1 10 25 __ 1 mile. 

"Catholic Church Cross" 114 11 10 1 mile. 

Chimney on Slye House .. __ 130 30 . . 2 miles. 

Left chimney of house on hill 144 57 . . _ 2 miles. 

Tangent of high-water mark 168 00 ._ 75 yards. 

Near end of peak of roof 223 41 1 mile. 

Chimney on large house on hill 243 20 ________ 3 miles. 

Left chimney on house 301 17 __ 1 mile. 

Near end of peak of roof on store at Buena 

Vista 355 59 _._ 1 % miles. 

CITY. 

General locality. — Western shore of Patuxent River on Town Point about % mile north-northeast 
of Benedict steamboat wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on gravel and shell point about 4 feet above high water, 
12 yards northwest of the shore, 63 yards west-southwest of a shanty, about 100 yards west-southwest 
of extreme end of point, and 1 1 yards southeast of a slough. There are no permanent reference objects 
near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Hallowing" (S 51 21' E) o 00 00 '.mile. 

Windmill near Sheridan Point ._ 21 39 00 3 Ji miles. 

Two middle chimneys at Dowells 21 39 00 3^2 miles. 

Left tangent of peak of wharf-house roof 81 34 __ % mile. 

Center of roof of square house 84 36 20 ]/i mile. 

Canning-house stack 95 22 00 ^4 mile. 

Nearest ivy-covered chimney of old house- _ 130 14 __ y& mile. 

"Catholic Church Cross" 142 58 50 __ r 4 ' mile. 



36 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



Left square chimney of house 245 

Near end of peak of roof of Huggins house. . 280 
Near corner of shanty 300 

Right chimney of Gourley house 339 

Chimney of old building behind wharf 352 

HALLOWING. 



42 __ 154 miles. 

54 '__ 1% miles. 

44 .. 63 yards. 

20 __ 54 mile. 

01 __ % mile 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Patuxent River on point opposite Benedict known locally as 
Holland Point, but given on charts as Hallowing Point. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a rounded gravel and grass point about 250 yards south 
of wharf on Holland Point, about 2 feet above high water, 10 yards north of shore, 8 yards east of shore 
and 15 yards outside of a group of locust trees, sugar-berry trees, and bushes. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"City" (N51 21' W) o 

Left end of peak of roof of wharf house on 

Holland Point ^ 23 

Chimney of store at B uena Vista 77 

Nail in blaze in nearest one of group of four 

sugar-berry trees (each 8 inches diameter) _ 92 
Nail in blaze in sugar-berry tree (10 inches 

diameter) 109 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 167 

Smokepipe on Trent Hall Wharf building. _ 227 
Outside chimney of detached house at Soth- 

orons 309 

Center of roof on square house 314 

Canning-house stack 333 

"Catholic Church Cross" __. 347 



00 00 % mile. 

15 -. 250 yards. 

27 __ 1 }<£ miles. 

24 __ 12.88 meters. 

58 50 15.74 meters. 



55 
35 



40 11.90 meters. 

._ 2 ]A miles. 



54 
15 
16 

44 



1 l /i miles. 
% mile. 
% mile. 
J^mile. 



INDIAN. 



1 mile. 



48 50 15.57 meters. 



General locality. — Western shore of Patuxent River on north side of entrance to Indian Creek and 
about one-fourth mile below Benedict steamboat wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 3 feet above high water, 7 yards west of shore, 16 
yards northeast of a fence and a line of trees, 13 yards southwest of a lone locust tree, about 250 yards 
to the south-southeast of a large square house, and 125 yards east-northeast of another house. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — • ° ' " 

"Sothoron" (S 23° n' E) o 

Nail in blaze in locust tree near fence (5 

inches diameter) 33 

Nail in blaze in middle branch of locust tree 

(6 inches diameter) 66 

Square chimney on- old house 137 

Right chimney of square house 188 

Near end of peak of roof of hotel 206 

Canning-house stack 213 

Right tangent of Benedict Wharf 228 

Chimney of house near "Buena Vista" 245 

Chimney of Gourley house 270 

Windmill at Do well's on Sheridan Point 344 

Left of right chimney on Dowell house 344 

Nail in blaze in left branch of locust tree (5 
inches diameter) 225 



24 
23 
30 
26 
22 
10 



50 19.13 

iK 



meters. 

miles. 
f/i mile. 
X mile. 
% mile. 
% mile. 



58 __ 2 ]/, miles. 

28 __ 1 mile. 

48 __ \% miles 

48 _. 4% miles. 



28 __ 12.90 meters. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



37 



DWARF. 

( General locality. — Eastern shore of Patuxent River about 2 miles north-northwest of Sheridan Point 
and about 1 I , miles southeast of Benedict on a point of land opposite the mouth of Indian Creek. (See 
Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass land about 1 foot above high-water 
mark, 6 yards northeast from extreme end of point, 4 yards east of one edge of shore and 6 yards nortli 
of another edge of shore. Point on which station is located has a sugar-berry tree, several small locust 
trees and water bushes, and a pond behind bushes and trees about 100 yards to the east. 
Mark*. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Sothoron" (S42°05' W) : o 

Nearest corner of top of nearest chimney on 

tenant house .. . 80 

Center of roof of square house 83 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 9.3 

Canning-house stack 95 

"Catholic Church Cross" 99 

Left tangent of wharf 124 

Nail in sugar-berry tree (10 inches diameter) 152 
Nail in blaze in locust tree (3 inches diam- 
eter) 196 

Chimney on small house 258 

Left point of peak of roof of Dowell's 287 

Left end of peak of roof of Trent Hall Wharf _ 315 

Middle cupola on stable 321 

Right pillar on Sothoron house porch 359 

SOTHORON. 



3i 
16 

38 
03 
03 
'9 
38 



22 
48 



00 ..._.. ' 4 mile. 

.. 2 miles. 

.. 1 mile. 

30 4. 22 meters. 

33 iX miles. 

i" 1J4 miles. 

__ J4 mile. 

30 8.94 meters. 

20 



2.68 meters. 
2 miles. 

30 2% miles. 

35 _ _ i l A miles. 

12 20 1 yi miles. 

21 .- 1 mile. 



00 00 1 '4' miles. 

55 \% miles. 

49 3-35 meters. 



General locality. — Western shore of Patuxent River on Long Point between entrances to Indian and 
Trent Hall creeks. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass lowland about 1 foot above high-water 
mark among cedar trees, about 24 yards west by north of extreme end of point, 12 yards north of one 
edge of shore and 30 yards southwest of another edge of shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Hallowing" (N 13 51' K) o 

Nearest chimney on Gourley house 3 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 30 

Left end of peak of roof of Dowell house- . 1 20 

Middle cupola on Trent Hall stable 150 

Point of middle attic window on John Bul- 

linger house 187 

Left pillar of porch of Sothoron house 206 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree (12 inches diame- 
ter) 242 

Near corner of nearest chimney on Slye 

house 291 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches diame- 
ter) 302 

Right one of two outside chimneys on old 

house on hill on property of A. B. Slye 307 

Center of roof on square house 323 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (6 inches diame- 
ter) . 350 



35 
25 



42 
23 



51 50 



05 



[ 4 miles. 
4' miles. 

1 mile. 
1 2 mile. 



2 miles. 



29 40 10.83 meters. 



3! 
39 



24 



2 miles. 
1 mile. 

12.81 meters. 



38 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 
BUZZ. 



oo 
ii 
36 



General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on southwest side of Buzzards Island near 
mouth of Buzzards Island Creek. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh, clay, and grass land on wooded island about 2 

feet above high water, 5 yards northeast of river shore and 40 yards northwest of extreme point of 

island. Cement monument marking reference station is 8.97 meters N 42° 23' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub with top flush with ground. Reference station is center 

point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Morsel" (S 25 23' E) o 

Smoke pipe on roof of storehouse 39 

Near corner of near chimney 40 

Chimney of Trent Hall : 50 

Nearest of three cupolas on stable 54 

Left piazza post at Sothorons 102 

Center of roof of square house 155 

" Catholic Church Cross " 164 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (18 inches diam- 
eter) 172 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (18 inches diam- 
eter) 198 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (24 inches diam- 
eter) 235 

Reference; station 252 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (5 inches diam- 
eter) 255 

Chimney on house across creek 313 



H mile. 

2 miles. 

2 miles. 

48 . ij4 miles. 

36 50 1% mile. 

41 -. 1 ^ miles. 



15 
56 



1 % miles. 
2 miles. 



14 .. 4.55 meters. 



36 40 13.16 meters. 



08 

45 



30 .9.62 meters. 

45 8.97 meters. 



43 
=3 



6-5= 



meters, 
mile. 



BILLIARD. 



mile southeast of entrance to Trent 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River about 
Hall Creek. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about 1 foot above high-water mark, 6 
yards west of shore, 70 yards north of curve in shore and about 100 to 150 yards north to northwest of a 
fence which runs to water's edge. No permanent reference objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References.— 

"Trent" (S32 53' E) o 00 00 i/i mile. 

Middle cupola on Trent Hall stable 16 36 _. % mile. 

Chimney on Trent Hall 18 41 i. X mile. 

Two trees 31 47 .'. 200 yards. 

Tangent of curve in water line 33 00 __ 71 yards. 

Chimney of 2 V^-story house 81 59 _. r . 2 miles. 

Right corner of Sothoron house 162 34 __ yi mile. 

Near corner of chimney on Slye house 171 09 ....- 2 miles. 

Right tangent of wharf 213 11 __ * 2 miles. 

Middle of three chimneys on Gourley house. 228 53 __ 2 miles. 

Chimney on house among trees 293 41 . . 1 ]4 miles. 

Nearest end of peak roof of Dowell house at 

Dukes Wharf 333 

Right tangent of Sheridan Point 341 

Left tangent Trent Hall Wharf 348 

Smoke pipe on house at land end of Trent 

Hall Wharf 356 53 __ Jl mile. 



42 .. i^i miles. 

34 .. 1 % miles. 

49 __ Yi mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 39 

MORSEL. 

General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River about i mile north by west of Sheridan 
Point. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a wheat field on a cliff about 60 feet above high water, 
about 5 yards northeast of edge of bank, 110 yards north northwest of rail fence at woods, 103 yards 
west southwest of woods, and 167 yards west northwest of corner of field at creek and woods. Trees 
grow out of face of cliff below station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Sheridan" (S 5 27' E) o 00 00 "smile. 

Near corner of near chimney on brick end 

of Dowell house 37 12 .. 2 miles. 

Chimney beyond weeping willow at Trent 

Hall 62 58 .. 1 mile. 

Nearest chimney on Slye house 128 n __ 3 miles. 

"Catholic Church Cross" 148 44 00 2-' 4 miles. 

Chimney on house with tin roof ell 172 17 __ 1 mile. 

Oak tree near creek (4 feet diameter) 297 27 .. 167 yards. 

Large white-oak tree 330 50 .. no yards. 

TRENT. 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River on White Point about 50 yards west of 
Trent Hall Wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is 1 foot above high-water mark on sand and grass land 
between river and marsh, about 47 yards west of small house on land end of Trent Hall Wharf, about 
64 yards northwest of extreme end of White Point, 5 yards southwest of high-water mark, about 428 
yards north of Trent Hall and 105 yards south by east of mouth of creek. Cement monument marking 
reference station is 17.18 meters S 69° 40' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub flush with ground. Reference station is center point of 
triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Sheridan" (S 57° 31' E) o 00 00 1 J s miles. 

Tangent of point 32 17 __ J^ mile. 

Large lone tree 50 15 .. '4 mile. 

Right corner of Trent Hall 74 08 __ 428 yards. 

Right cupola of three on Trent Hall stable. 99 40 .. 300 yards. 

Large lone tree 113 51 __ 150 yards. 

Reference station 127 10 30 17.18 meters. 

"Catholic Church Cross" '__ 219 22 20 2 J^ miles. 

Right end of peak of roof of Holland Point 

Wharf 233 05 .. 2 % miles. 

Right chimney of smaller of two houses 

among trees 284 01 ._ 2 miles. 

Right chimney of house 300 35 __ similes. 

Right corner of shanty 300 36 __ 47 yards. 

COLLINS. 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent- River about % mile northeast of entrance to 
Washington Creek on point opposite Sheridan Point. (See Chart No. 19.)' 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on marsh land about 1 foot above high-water mark, 16 
yards west of shore, 20 yards northwest of shore, 21 yards southwest of shore, 300 yards northeast of 
a tall lone tree and 300 yards southeast of house known as Trent Hall. 



40 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Sheridan" (S 8o° 59' E) o 00 00 

Left end of peak of roof of De La Brooke 



Pier_ 



. % mile. 
2^4 miles. 



i]/i miles. 

1 mile. 

yi mile. 

300 yards. 

130 yards. 



Right side of right chimney of large painted 

brick house 60 23 

Near corner of Thomas house (Cremona)___ 73 22 

Smoke pipe in chimney on store 98 28 

Large lone tree , 129 07 

Small lone tree 175 10 

Near corner of Trent Hall Wharf house 244 37 yi mile. 

Chimney on end of roof of house among 

trees 287 41 __ 2% miles. 

Left corner of left chimney of Dowell 

house 354 11 __ 1 mile. 

SHERIDAN. 

General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on Sheridan Point. (See Chart No. 19.) 
Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass point near edge of the grass, about 
2 feet above high-water mark, 6 yards east of extreme edge of grass on point, 8 yards north of grass 
edge and 7 yards south of grass edge. Cement monument marking reference station is 14.13 meters 
N 49 56' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub with top 6 inches above ground. Reference station is 
center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Kitt" (S 66° 05' E) ' o 

Right tangent of brick house 10 

Left end of peak of roof of De La Brooke 

Pier 56 

Left corner of left chimney of Thomas 

house (Cremona) 102 

Smoke pipe on several gable house.' 1 24 

Right tangent of Trent Hall Wharf 192 

Catholic Church at Benedict 216 

Reference station 296 

Near chimney of Dowell house 325 



00 

41 



13 



38 
25 
00 
56 
01 
23 



00 \% miles. 

-_ 6 miles. 

-- 1^4 miles. 

._ 1% miles. 

.. iyi miles. 

__ 1 mile. 

-. 3>2 miles. 

00 14.13 meters. 

__ yi mile. 



CREMONA. 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River about half way between Cremona and 
Persimmon creeks. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in orchard on farm known as Cremona, about 6 feet 
above high-water mark, 10 yards south of eage of river bank, 7 yards south of rail fence which runs 
west and east to door yard fence, 36 yards east of rail fence of cornfield, 75 yards north of rail fence 
at cornfield and 53 yards west of picket fence. Several mountain dwarf cherry trees stand between 
fence and river bank edge. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Kitt" (N 84 13' E) ' o 00 00 2 miles. 

Near end of peak of roof of Young Hance 

house 16 26 ._ 3 miles. 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (24 inches 

diameter) 37 38 20 24.55 meters. 



Survey oj Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 41 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (16 inches ° ' " 

diameter) 62 43 30 13.12 meters. 

■ Nail in blaze in apple tree (13 inches 

diameter) 100 ^,^ 30 16. 11 meters. 

Corner of field .-- 181 33 ._ 87 yards. 

Corner of field 233 32 -- --- 38 yards. 

KITT 

General locality. — Northeast shore of Patnxent River on Kitts Marsh Point, which is about half- 
way between Battle Creek and Sheridan Point. (See Chart No. ig.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on the point of a long marsh neck, about 13 yards north- 
east of extreme end of point, 13 yards north of edge of marsh, and 13 yards east of edge of marsh. There 
are no permanent reference objects near station. Cement monument marking reference station is 
13.84 meters N 10° 23' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub flush with surface of marsh. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Battle" (S 39 02' E) o 00 

Right tangent of Long Marsh 7 33 

Near end of peak of roof of De La Brooke 

Pier . 73 32 

Near corner of near chimney of Thomas 

house 83 31 

Large house 167 38 

Square chimney of large house 185 23 

Reference station 220 24 

Left chimney of house 243 56 

Hance house _•_ 299 13 

Right chimney of house among trees on 

hill 327 24 __ 4 miles. 

Left chimney of house 336 59 __ 4 miles. 

OPPKIT 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River on Marsh Point. (See Chart No. 19.) 
Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass ridge between sand beach and marsh, 
about 1 foot above high water, 3 yards southwest of high water mark, 60 yards west-northwest of 
one point of the beach, 64 yards south of another point of the beach, and 85 yards north-northwest of 
an oyster watch house on piles. There are no permanent reference objects near station. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Kitt" (N 56 31' E) o 

Near end of peak of roof of Williams 

Wharf house 36 

Left corner of watch house 87 

Left point of peak of roof of De La Brooke 

Pier 04 

Right corner of right chimney of brick 

house 126 

Chimney on house near trees 232 

Highest chimney on Cremona House 234 

Point of roof of Dukes Wharf 310 

Chimney on house with ell 330 

Large square brick chimney on house with 

ell 334 

Nearest chimney of pair on end of house. _ 333 



00 1 ' s miles. 

2 miles. 

1 ' . miles. 

.. 1 I 3 4 miles. 

-_ 1 mile. 

.. X mile. 

40 1584 meters. 

-. 2,'< miles. 

_ _ 2 miles. 



00 00 i 1 , miles. 

46 _ _ 2 ' j miles. 

27 __ 85 yards 



09 

4- 1 
43 
49 
09 

4" 



1 mile. 

1 2 mile. 

; 4 mile. 

7 s mile. 
1 K miles. 
1 ' 2 miles. 



08 _ _ ^ 1% miles. 

00 . . 1 ' 2 miles. 



42 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



52 



miles, 
miles. 



BATTLE. 

General locality, — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on west side of entrance to Battle Creek on 
Prison Point. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass land between marsh and river, about 1 
foot above high water, 85 yards south of a field, 6 yards northeast of shore, 20 yards southwest of edge 
of a pool, 100 yards southwest by west of a lone tree, 200 yards west of a small house among trees, 
and 100 yards west to northwest of several dwarf trees between house and beach. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References — ° ' " 

"Forr" (S 3° 17' E) : o 

Chimney on middle of roof of house 1 

Left corner of left chimney of very large 

house 

Right chimney of large 23-2-story brick 

house 82 

Tangent to Sheridan Point 129 

Right end of peak of roof of 2 yi -story 

house 139 

Chimney of 23-2-story house on hill 155 

Lone tree 254 

Outside chimney of house on hill 264 

House among trees 282 

Tangent of Long Marsh 341 

Left chimney of 2^-story house 348 

Chimney of 2 J 2 -story house 352 

Right tangent of Forrest Wharf 357 



8 36 __ 2X miles. 



00 __ \ l /i miles. 

20 __ 2.52 miles. 



50 __ 23.4 miles. 

19 __ 2 miles. 

41 ._ 80 yards. 

11 _. 3 miles. 

15 __ 100 yards. 

45 _. iyi miles. 

38 __ 3 miles. 

57 .. 2 miles. 

59 __ i>2 miles. 



PHOTO. 



General locality. — Northeast side of Patuxent River on east side of entrance to Jacks Bay. (See 
Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field, about 150 yards north-northeast of a 

marshy point, 10 feet above high-water mark, 49 yards east of shore, no yards north northwest of 

shore, and 68 yards northeast of right end of clump of trees at edge of field and beginning of marsh point. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub with top 2 inches above surface of ground. Subsurface 

mark is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 12 inches below surface. 

Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Slim" (S 52 03' E) o 

Chimney on old house •_ 51 

Cedar trees 60 

Left corner of house 73 

Smoke pipe on house behind trees 78 

Left tangent of Forrest Wharf 81 

Tree 90 

Watchhouse on point 118 

Right chimney on 23-2-story brick house 150 

Locust tree (20 inches diameter) 24 1 

Left chimney of house 222 

Willow tree 331 



00 00 iyi miles. 

21 __ 2 miles. 

00 __ 85 yards. 

03 __ 2 miles. 

08 00 2 miles. 

00 20 1% miles. 

10 _. 70 yards. 

52 __ % mile. 

37 .. 5 miles. 

23 __ 135 yards. 

45 ._ ._._._ X mile. 

27 __ 140 yards 



FIGHT. 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River opposite mouth of Battle Creek on a prominent 
low point. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on land known as Horsehead Marsh, about 1 foot above 
ordinary high-water mark, 12 yards south-southwest of extreme end of point, 15 yards west-northwest 
of shore at small creek, 40 yards northeast of woods, and 1 10 yards east-southeast of a bluff 50 feet high. 



Survey of ( 'yster Bats, Calvert County, Md. 



43 



Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Battle" (X 50° 45' E) o 00 00 i? + miles. 

Outside chimney in center of group of build- 
ings 13 30 _. 2 '4 1111163. 

Left chimney of house on top of hill 23 44 __ 3'., miles. 

Left tangent of Forrest Wharf 82 06 10 2 miles. 

Xear end of peak of roof of 2 * , -story build- 
ing 83 47 _. liyi miles. 

Large square chimney on large building 91 19 __ 1 mile. 

Left corner of left chimney of large house. _ 262 40 _. 1 mile. 

Dowells windmill 300 28 ._ 2 Smiles. 

Left chimney on small house adjoining 

large house 321 41 .- 2 J 4 miles. 

Chimney of small house 325 38 _. 2 miles. 

SLIM. 

General locality. — Xortheast shore of Patuxent River about half way between Battle and Island 
creeks and ' > mile west northwest of Parkers Wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a field on a sand bluff, about 40 feet above high water, 
13 yards northeast of edge of bluff, 90 yards southeast of a point of woods at top of a ravine, about 
189 yards southwest of another point of woods, 150 yards west-northwest of a rail fence, and 71 yards 
northwest by west of a large sycamore tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in round chestnut stub with top about 6 inches above the surface 
of the ground. Subsurface mark is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 10 
inches below the surface of the ground. 

References.— ° ' " 

" Island" (S59°3i'E) o 

Cedar in field 2 

Large sycamore tree 29 

Xear end of peak of roof of Jones Wharf 

house 53 

Chimney on middle of roof of a long house, _ 109 
Outside chimney of house near Forrest 

Wharf . 125 

.Nearest chimney on Thomas large brick 

house 1 66 

Tangent of Long Point marsh 171 

Left tree on point 191 

Two high trees close together near right 

edge of point of woods 284 

Large walnut tree , 298 

Xear end of peak of roof of barn 304 



00 
20 



00 2 l A miles. 

50 200 yards. 

__ 71 yards. 



27 .. 2 ', miles. 

34 . . 1 j£ miles. 



26 

16 
^4 



2 miles. 

4 miles. 
'2 miles. 



06 __ 90 yards. 



27 __ 189 yards. 

20 .. ' 4 mile. 

23 . _ ', mile. 



FORR. 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River just below Forrest Wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 
Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 1 foot above high-water mark on sand and grass 
land, 7 yards south from extreme high-water mark, 45 yards southeast of land end of Forrest Wharf, 
70 yards east by south of an old 2 '..-story building, and 65 yards northeast of a saloon. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Refert nces. — ° ' " 

"Cole" (S 50° 07' F. ) o 00 00 1 ! a miles. 

Near corner of house on hillside 9 59 .. 180 yards. 



Near corner of saloon 101 



65 yards. 



f 

44 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

O III 

Outside chimney on house on hill 115 22 

Curve in road up hill 131 25 

West corner of old 2 K-story building 139 52 

Land end of wharf 169 15 

Windmill 182 59 40 

Left corner of left chimney brick house 183 05 

Right tangent of Dukes Wharf 187 07 

Near end of peak of roof of Forrest Wharf 

house 257 17 

Chimney of house 272 35 

Right tangent of roof 304 23 

Tangent of trees 347 46 



1 i mile. 


200 yards 


70 yards 


45 yards 


2J4 miles. 


3 miles. 


4%" miles. 


1 s mile. 


3 or 4 miles. 


2 ' 2 miles. 


3 miles. 



SWEEP. 

General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on northwest side of mouth of Island Creek 
near inner end of neck of land joining Broome Island to the mainland. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a field about 4 feet above high water, 4 feet northwest 
of a wire fence, 24 yards south by west of a stable, 60 yards south-southwest of a house, and 100 yards 
south-southeast of a pine grove. Cement monument marking reference station is 21.70 meters N 59 • 
39' E of station and near fence line. 

Marks. — Observed station is the center of an oblong wooden box 4 inches square with top 4 inches 
above the ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on a standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Bars" (S 15° 10' E) o 00 00 2 miles. 

Right chimney of house : 14 48 __ 3 miles. 

Peak of roof of Gadden house 25 34 20 1 5 $ miles. 

Tangent of Broome Island Point 43 21 __ v 2 ' mile. 

Chimney on house on hill 51 57 __ 3 miles. 

Gilt ball on lightning rod 62 03 __ */& mile. 

Chimney on house 96 06 __ ^ mile. 

Cut in woods 135 40 _. 1 Smiles. 

Chimney of house 186 34 __ 150 yards. 

Tile smoke pipe on house 203 24 .. J 140 yards. 

Near corner of house 230 35 __ 60 yards. 

Near corner of barn 237 32 ._ 24 yards. 

REFERENCE station 254 49 20 21.70 meters. 

Right chimney of four on house 279 25 __ ^_ % mile. 

Top of tower of house 301 54 __ 2 '-i miles. 

ISLAND. 

General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River- on the extreme southeast point of land about 
% mile to the east of the mouth of Island Creek. (See Chart No. 19.) 

• Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a marshy point at about extreme high-water mark, 30 
yards north of extreme end of point, 25 yards east of one side of point, and 20 yards west of another 
.side of point. Old tile pipe used as a reference station is 16.98 meters N 12° 39' E and cement monu- 
ment marking new reference station is 30.93 meters N 2 ° 40' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub with top flush with marsh. Old reference station is 
center of 4-inch tile pipe set in cement with top projecting about 10 inches above ground. New refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard .cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Wheat" (S 53° 15' E) o 00 00 2 miles. 

Left end of peak of roof of Sotterly Wharf 

house 46 07 -_ 2 miles. 

Pinnacle of large house in trees 60 49 _. 2 miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



45 



Left chimney of large house back on hill 67 54 

Chimney on middle of large 2 M-story house. 109 59 
Middle of railing on top of roof of 2 ' 2 -story 

house _.' 120 00 

Chimney of Broome house 143 41 

Weather vane on Broome house 148 33 

Right chimney of house 178 21 

Right chimney of house 193 27 

Reference station (cement monument). 235 55 

Reference station (tile pipe) 245 54 

Smoke pipe of watchhouse 333 29 

Tower of Peterson house 356 08 

PEAK. 



30 



00 
20 



3° 
16 



2 miles. 
:}i miles. 

3 miles. 
?4 mile. 
^ mile. 

3 miles. 

2 miles. 

93 meters. 

.98 meters 

1 mile. 

2 miles. 



General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River, about in middle of inner shore of a large bay 
between St. Leonard and Island creeks. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on Parran house, located near shore at extreme end of a 
road leading to Wallville. 

Marks. — Observed station is ball on tip of tower. 

References. — None necessary. 

COLE. 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River, about yi mile northwest of Cole Creek. 
(See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 35 feet above high-water mark on a grass peninsula, 
3 yards south-southwest of edge of a bluff which is washing rapidly, 8 yards west of extreme edge 
of bluff, where it turns inland a.id is not washing, but slopes gradually to the water, 8 yards north 
of another edge of the bluff, 10 yards northwest of trees on slope of bank, and 20 yards west of a cherry 
tree 2 feet in diameter. Cement monument marking reference station is 13.53 meters S 83 10' W of 
observed station and nearly on line with large cherry tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub with top flush with ground. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Hutchins" (S 67 12' E) o 00 on 2 miles. 

Left end of peak of roof on Jones Wharf 

house 6 25 __ i 1 , miles. 

Nail in blaze on limb of oak tree (4 inches 

diameter) 22 05 __ 10.80 meters. 

Screw in blaze in crotch of oak tree ( 1 5 

inches diameter at base) 38 18 __ 12.67 meters. 

Nail in blaze of cedar tree (6 inches diame- 
ter) 63 

Nail in blaze on cherry tree (24 inches di- 
ameter) 147 

Reference station 150 

Right chimney of house 179 

Right end of peak of roof of Forrest Wharf 

house 202 

Right end of house 251 

Left end of peak of house 280 23 

Gilt ball on Broome house 321 30 30 

Right tangent of Broome Island 334 17 



40 40 8.43 meters. 



11 _. 18.65 meters. 



21 
°5 



3.53 meter: 


% mile. 


\yi miles. 


3 miles. 


3 miles. 


2 miles. 


i 3 4 miles. 



46 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



HUTCHINS. 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River opposite Broome Island on Captain Point, 
about ,' + ' mile northwest of mouth of Cole Creek. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in garden on point of a bluff 50 feet high on Hutchins 
estate near house occupied by Mr. Gadden, about 6 yards south by east of extreme point of bluff, 2 
yards southwest of edge of bluff, 4 yards southeast of edge of bluff, 30 yards north by west from house, 
30 yards west of a wire fence running north and south, and 15 yards east of another north-and-south 
wire fence. Cement monument marking reference station is 7.57 meters S 59 39' W of observed station. 
Marks. — Observed station is nail in a stub with top flush with ground. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Bars" (S68°07'E) o 

Left corner of extension of Gadden house.. 58 

Right front corner of Gadden house 84 

Near corner of well house 102 

Near corner of shed 119 

Reference station 127 

Nail in blaze in apple tree (22 inches diame- 
ter) 148 

Right tangent of Parkers Wharf 228 

Gilt ball on Broome house on Broome Island 249 

Near end of peak of house 263 

Tip of tower on Peterson house 332 



00 00 y% mile. 

17 -_ 30.90 meters. 

56 „_ 28.57 meters. 

15 _- 30.44 meters. 



43 
46 



45 yards. 
7.57 meters. 



06 
12 



20 9.35 meters. 

-_ 2% miles. 

55 __ iyi miles. 

17 .- 4 miles. 

52 __ iyi miles. 



WHEAT. 



General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on westerly side of mouth of St. Leonard 
Creek. (See Charts Nos. 19 and 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a bluff about 40 feet above high water, about 5 yards 
west of edge of bank, 7 yards south of another edge, and s/i mile west of Peterson house. Cement 
monument marking reference station is 12.80 meters N 61° 55' E of observed station and on line to 
Peterson house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of a 4-inch tile pipe set in cement with top projecting about 4 
inches above ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References.— ° ' " 

"Stump" (S 36 23' E) o 

Left chimney of Judge Crane house 10 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger house. 15 

Left end of roof of St. Cuthbert Wharf 24 

Chimney on roof of house 60 

Chimney on store at Sotterly . 93 

Left end of barn roof 193 

Reference station _. 278 

Center chimney of Peterson house 281 

Chimney of house 298 

Chimney on house on Breeden estate 340 



00 00 2X miles. 

07 .. 4^ miles. 

05 -_ 4' 4 miles. 

09 .. 2% miles. 

__ i}4 miles. 

.. 1)4 miles. 

__ 2 miles. 

30 12.80 meters. 

__ % mile. 

-■- yi mile. 

__ 2 miles. 



05 
4i 
^7 
17 



03 
04 



MACKALL. 



General locality. — Northwest shore of Patuxent River on west side of entrance to St. Leonard Creek 
on first point inside of Peterson Point. (See Charts Nos. 19 and 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 50 feet above high water, 9 feet northwest of edge 
of bluff, 7 yards northeast of bushes, and 3 yards southwest of other bushes. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 3.80 meters N 35 08' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is the center of an oblong wooden box 4 inches square with top 3 inches 
above the ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



47 



References. — 

"Stock" (S 34° 38' \V) o 00 

Peak of front gable of Bond house o 39 

Chimney on negro house 54 31 

Chimney on Peterson house 66 25 

Reference station no 13 

Chimney on negro house 135 49 

Chimney on ell of house on hill 153 46 

Chimney on small house back of Sellers 

Wharf 229 40 

Nearest outside chimney on 1} ^-story house. 236 08 

Large chimney on Sollers house 237 02 

' Large chimney on Taylor house 285 27 

Front peak of Briscoe house 334 30 

SOLLERS. 



50 



1 U 

■'4 

H 

% 

:.8o 

3A 



miles. 

mile:;. 

mile. 

mile. 

meters. 

mile. 

mile. 

mile. 

miles. 

mile. 

mile. 

miles. 



General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on east side of entrance to St. Leonard Creek. 
(See Charts Nos. 19 and 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 50 feet above high water, 6 feet east of edge of bank, 
20 yards north-northeast of a clump of trees, 14 yards and 8 yards south-southwest of other trees, and 
75 yards north-northwest of a rail fence. Cement monument marking reference station is 13.68 meters 
S. 44° 00' E of observed station with top buried 12 inches below surface. 

Marks. — Observed station is the center of an oblong wooden box 5 inches square with top 3 inches 
above ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 
12 inches below surface. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Stock" (S 44 24' W) o 

Middle of front gable of Bond house o 

Chimney of store at S utterly Wharf 26 

Near corner of outside chimney on house. _ 27 

Chimney on top of Gadden house 46 

Near corner of top chimney on Peterson 

house 78 

Right end of peak of roof of Mackall house. 150 

Reference station 271 

Near corner of large chimney on Taylor 

house 272 35 __ yi mile. 

Top of front gable on Briscoe house 331 36 .. 1^ miles. 



00 

34 
58 



00 ifi miles. 

__ 1^4 miles. 

_ _ 2^-8 miles. 



18 __ 1% miles. 

14 ._ 2j/i miles. 



2 7 
16 

35 



_ _ , 2 mile. 

-_ }-2 mile. 

30 13.68 meters. 



BARS. 



mile northwest of 



Reference station is center 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River on Sotterly Point about 
Sotterly Wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a bluff about 30 feet above high water, 5 yards south of 
edge of bank at rail fence, and 2 yards east of this same fence. Cement monument marking reference 
station is 14.53 meters S 9 54' W of observed station and near fence line. 
Marks. — Observed station is center of a 3-inch tile pipe set in cement, 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Wheat" (N 72° 06' E) o 

Chimney on middle of 2 ' 2 -story house 17 

Windmill 23 

Chimney of house 41 

Reference station 117 

Smoke pipe on right end of house 157 

Tangent of point of land 250 

Peterson house chimney 359 



00 I 1 ; miles. 

6 miles. 

3 miles. 

4 miles. 
00 . 14.53 meters. 

' 4 mile. 

47 . - 1 '2 miles. 

22 _ _ 1 ' 4 ' miles. 



00 
29 

^3 
5° 
48 

37 



4 8 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



LEND. 

General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on a narrow strip of land or peninsula in 
mouth of Mears Creek about ]/i mile southeast of St. Leonard Creek. (See Charts Nos. 19 and 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in the midst of many cherry, oak, and locust trees about 
15 feet above high- water mark, 15 yards east-northeast of high ground, 5 yards west of edge and 17 
yards north of extreme point of top of peninsula. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point Of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — c ' " 

"Wheat" (N 50 51' W) o 

Nail in blaze in cherry tree (4 inches 

diameter) 118 

Right chimney of house across creek 139 

Nail in blaze in oak tree (8 inches diameter) . 229 
Outside chimney on left end of Briscoe 

house 2 65 

Near peak of Bond house .297 

Chimney on storehouse at Sotterly 318 

Near end of peak of roof of Sotterly Wharf 

house 319 

Chimney on Gadden house 330 

Nail in blaze in cherry tree (6 inches 
diameter) 345 



00 00 1 % miles. 

28 30 3.58 meters. 

51 _ _ X mile. 

51 __ 6.68 meters. 

61 .. iX miles. 

57 _- \Yi miles. 

19 __ 2% miles. 

07 __ 2% miles. 

47 -. 3X miles. 



24 ._ 3.64 meters. 



STOCK. 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River about 1 mile southeast of Sotterly Point. 
(See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a bluff, about 20 feet above high water, 3 yards south- 
west of edge of bluff, about 50 yards east by north of front door of the house of Mr. Bond, 30 yards 
west-northwest of extreme end of point of bluff, 35 yards northeast of detached house, and about 43 
yards east by south of yard fence at edge of bluff. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Lend" (N 66° 48' E) o 

Right chimney of house on Dickson place__ 1 

Right chimney of old i^-story house 19 

Tangent of bluff 58 

Chimney on house on point 59 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (4 inches 

diameter) 99 

Nearest corner of outhouse, corner farthest 

from house 161 

Left corner of house 180 

Nail in blaze in cherry tree 1 foot above 

ground (4 feet diameter) 183 

Right corner of house 205 

Locust tree (4 inches diameter) 210 

End of yard fence 230 

Tree near edge of bank (no nail or blaze) __ 237 



00 00 iYi miles. 

35 1. iX miles. 

00 _ - 

00 _ _ 

03 .. : 

48 30 



2 miles. 


1 mile. 


1 mile. 


18 meters. 



29 
31 



39 
^9 
31 
31 
39 



30 34.30 meters. 

30 31.13 meters. 

30 20.58 meters. 

40 45.79 meters. 

40 8.83 meters. 

_ _ 43 yards. 

20 34.27 meters. 



STUMP. 



General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River about % mile northwest of Hellen Creek. 
(See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a bank about 20 feet above high water, 10 yards north- 
northeast of edge of bank at extreme end of point, about 20 yards southeast of edge of bank, and about 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



49 



150 yards northwest of a dump of cedar and locust trees at edge of bank. Cement monument marking 
first reference station is 1 1.29 meters N 61° 51' E of observed station with top 10 inches below surface 
of field. Cement monument marking second reference station is 26. 22 meters N 60° 42' E of observed 
station about on line with first reference station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 4-inch tile pipe set in cement with top flush with ground. 
First reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 10 inches 
below the surface of ground. Second reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement 
monument with top 6 inches above surface of ground. 
References. — 

" Wheat" (N 36 23' \V) ... o 

Chimney in center of house. _ 15 

Second Reference station 97 

First Reference station 98 

Apple tree 152 

Left chimney of house 180 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger 
house 209 

Left chimney of house 269 

Nail in blaze in stump (30 inches daimeter) . 250 

Nail in blaze in tree (8 inches diameter) 352 



00 

09 

43 



35 
3° 



2 ' a miles. 

} 4 mile. 

26.22 meters. 

1 1.29 meters. 



00 . _ 200 yards. 



19 



mile. 



49 
30 



2 ' 4 miles. 

1 ' 4 miles. 

5.01 meters. 

17.52 meters. 



BRISCOE. 



mile northwest of St. Cuthbert 



General locality. — Southeast shore of Patuxent River about 
Wharf. (See Chart No. 19.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field, about 20 feet above high water, 
80 yards southwest of trees on bank, 50 yards southeast of a creek bed, 46 yards northwest of a clump 
of trees, 105 yards east of a corner of fence on road, and about 300 yards northeast of another fence 
with woods back of it. Cement monument marking reference station is 12.52 meters N 79° 35' W of 
observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a stub with top flush with ground and a subsurface mark 
of a standard cement monument with top buried 1 1 inches below the surface. Reference station is 
center of triangle on standard cement monument with top 5 inches above surface of ground. 
References — 

"Hellen" (S 71 ° 37' E) o 

Near corner of house 45 

Left end of peak of roof of barn 57 

Large two-forked tree 129 

Corner of rail fence and tree . 136 

Reference station 172 

Large cherry tree other side of creek.. 195 

Left chimney of house on opposite side with 

three dormer windows 304 

Cedar tree 308 



00 00 1 s s miles. 

11 . . ^4 mile. 

18 3^ mile. 

17 .. 130 yards. 

34 
01 
00 



40 _. 



34 
59 



105 


yards. 


2-5 2 


meters. 


68 


yards. 


1'; 


miles. 


80 


yards. 



HELLEN. 



(See 



General locality. — Northeast shore of Patuxent River on east side of mouth of Hellen Creek. 
Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is at high-water mark on edge of grass and bushes, about 
16 yards west-southwest of a bluff 15 feet high, and about 40 yards north-northwest of bluff at edge of 
water. Cement monument marking reference station is 12.45 meters N 75 ° 14' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station was the center of a tile pipe with a subsurface mark of a green yeast- 
powder bottle but at date of publication these marks are reported to have been washed away. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
20908 — 10 4 



5° 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Aid. 



References. — ° 

"Stump" (N 25 42' W) , o 

Left chimney of Barrett house 8 

Nail in blaze in tree 100 

Reference station 100 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger 

house 209 

Mouth of Cuckold Creek 261 

Chimney of Peterson house L 355 

NAT. 



00 00 y% mile. 

54 - - U mile. 

01 40 . 14.74 meters. 

56 20 12.45 meters. 

54 - - \% miles. 

00 _ . . _ _ 1% miles. 

14 -- 3 miles. 



General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River about }- 2 mile above mouth of Cuckold 
Creek. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is near edge of a cultivated field on a bluff of sand and gravel 
about 20 feet above high water, 4 feet east of edge of bluff, and 150 yards north of a rail fence. Cement 
monument marking reference station is 18.44 meters S 29° 47' W of observed station with top 8 inches 
below surface of ground. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 3-inch tile pipe embedded in cement. Reference station is 
center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Hellen" (N 69 29' E) o 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger house 

on Point Patience 68 

Reference station 140 

Large chimney on house 1 28 

Right chimney of house with two gable 
roofs 309 



00 00 1% miles. 



281 58 



__ \% miles. 

00 18.44 meters. 

__ 3 miles. 



2 miles. 



TON. 



General locality. — Eastern shore of Patuxent River about 1 mile northeast of Point Patience. 
(See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a bluff about 15 feet above high water, 10 yards east 
from edge of bluff, 50 yards south-southwest of edge of a gully and a clump of trees, and about 220 yards 
west-northwest of a cherry tree 3/^2 feet in diameter. Cement monument marking reference station is 
13.64 meters S 62 ° 29' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a spike set in cement. Reference station is center point of triangle 
on standard cement monument buried below surface 10 inches. 
References. — 

•"Mill" (S 65 00 W) o 00 

Chimney on far end of Wallace house 53 28 

Chimney on middle of roof on MeCorry 

store 60 09 

Near end of peak of St. Cuthbert Wharf 

house 62 • 10 

Near end of peak of roof of Parran oyster 

watch house 83 

Chimney on Peterson house 85 

Cemented chimney on near end of George 

old house 94 59 

Left chimney of Costen house 117 59 

Nail in blaze in tree 137 35 

Reference station 232 31 

Left chimney of Marburger house 329 11 



' + miles. 
' + ' miles. 

2 miles 

2 miles 



03 .. 5)4 miles 

39 __ 3?4 miles 



__ _. 1 mile. 

__ J 2 miles. 

20 47.60 meters. 

00 13.64 meters. 

__ i{ mile. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md, 



5i 



MILL. 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River about 14 mile southeast of mouth of Cuckold 
Creek and ' > mile northwest of Point Patience. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sand bluff about 20 feet above high water, 7 yards 
southwest of the edge of the bluff, 40 yards southeast of a fence and a line of cedar trees, and about 100 
yards northwest of another fence at bottom of hill. Cement monument marking reference station is. 
[3 70 meters S 28° 14' \V of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of 3-inch tile pipe embedded in cement. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Ton" (N 64 59' E)-~ -- o 00 

Nearest chimney of Marburger house on 

Point Patience 39 01 

"Catholic Church Cross" 43 03 

"Methodist Episcopal Church Spire" 40 23 

Middle of portico of Judge Crane house S2 22 

Windmill near Dent house 136 47 

Reference station 143 14 

Chimney on house among farm buildings . . 293 28 

Left chimney on house with piazza 304 02 

End of peak of roof of 2 ',-story house 323 31 

Nearest chimney of cottage 338 17 

Left chimney of house 340 19 

BUR. 



1 ' 4 miles. 

' 4 mile. 
2 miles. 
2 miles. 
1 mile. 
\4 mile. 
40 13.76 meters. 



40 
30 



40 



\% miles. 
2 ' 4 miles, 
i ! j miles. 

2 miles. 

2 miles. 



General locality. — East shore of Patuxent River, on northwest side of Point Patience, about % mile 
northeast of its extreme end. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass land, about 1 foot above high water, 
1 2 yards southeast of high-water mark on one side of point, 36 yards northwest of high-water mark on 
other side of point, and about 300 yards northeast of extreme end of point. Cement monument marking 
reference station is 12.15 meters N 85° 20' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a 3-inch tile pipe set in cement with top about 1 inch above the 
surface of the ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Ton" (N 37° 56' E) :. o 

Left chimney of- Marburger house 16 

Reference station 47 

"Methodist Episcopal Church Spire" 75 

Middle gable of Judge Crane house__. 139 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (8 inches diam- 
eter) 162 

Square chimney on Dent house 228 

Chimney on house : 268 

Left chimney of house 346 

Right chimney of house 358 



00 

08 
24 
3-2 
09 



00 1 mile. 

.- ',,' mile. 

30 12.15 meters. 

10 1 ! s miles. 

-_ 14 mile. 



40 
30 
52 
39 
31 



10 25.94 meters. 

-- J^ mile. 

_ _ 1 s i miles. 

\]4 miles. 
__ 1 14 miles. 



NEW. 



' ,. in rat locality. — Northeast side of Patuxent River, about $$ mile easl - of Point Patience and about 
1 ' 4 miles northwest of Sandy Point. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 20 feet above high-water mark in the middle of a 
cultivated field on Strathmore farm, about 230 yards northeast of shore of Patuxent River, about S2 
yards southeastof a creek, about 162 yards northwest of a small creek or ditch, 230 yards northeast of 
a large oak tree, and 250 yards north of another large oak tree. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



oo oo 2 miles. 

59 .. 1 % miles. 

11 _ _ 1 >i' miles. 



Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 11 
inches below the surface of the ground. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Ben" (S 2° 10' E) o 

Chimney on flat-roof house 6 

Chimney on main part of a house on Town 

Creek: 27 

Oak tree about 18 inches diameter on edge 

of field 43 

Right tangent of Spencers wharf 56 

Corner of field 67 

Exposed chimney on left of house 67 

Left chimney on house 88 

Corner of field 206 

Corner of field 258 

Silver-tipped tower on Philip Vale house __ 307 

Oak at edge of field 343 



54 
04 



227 yards. 

1 mile. 

00 __ 310 yards. 

36 _ _ 1 yi miles. 

57 _- \yi miles. 

00 __ 240 yards. 

00 _ . 300 yards. 

08 20 % mile. 

35 _ . 300 yards. 

CATHOLIC CHURCH CROSS. 



mile 



General locality. — Southeast side of Patuxent River, about halfway to Back Creek and % 
northwest of Solomons wharf. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is en Catholic Church, known as St. Marys Star of the Sea, 
located in small village of Johnstown on mainland near Solomons Island, and about 250 yards north of 
causeway to Solomons Island. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of cross, on bell cupola. 

References. — None necessary. 

CABLE. 

General locality. — Southwest shore of Patuxent River, on east side of entrance to Kings Creek, and 
about 34 mile west of Town Point. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on pasture land near the end of high land at the beginning 
of a long, low peninsula which almost closes the mouth of Kings Creek, about 30 feet above high-water 
mark, about 20 yards south of edge of bank on river side, about 15 yards east northeast of edge of bank 
on creek side, 38 yards southeast of extreme edge of top of bank, and 30 yards west of a persimmon tree. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument buried with 
top 10 inches below the surface of ground. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Bur" (N 35 17' E) o 

Left chimney of Marburger house near Point 

Patience 3 

" Catholic Church Cross " 43 

" Methodist Episcopal Church Spire" 52 

Left chimney of Judge Crane house 55 

Nail in blaze of tree (18 inches diameter) __ 179 
Nail in blaze in red cedar tree (3 inches 

diameter) 236 

Nail in blaze in persimmon tree 283 

Right chimney on Fenner Lee house 284 

Left chimney of house 302 



59 
^9 
44 



y£ mile. 

y£ mile. 
1 yi miles. 
\% miles 

yi mile. 
19.24 meters. 



25 __ 16.80 meters. 



5? 
14 
^4 



10 26.22 meters. 

__ 3/g mile. 

__ yi mile. 



TOWN. 



General locality . — Southwestern shore of Patuxent River, on Town Point, about $i mile southeast 
of Point Patience. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is about 20 feet above high-water mark, 9 yards west of edge 
of bluff, 3 yards south of edge of bluff, 10 yards southeast of extreme edge of high land, 3 yards south 
of a rail fence, and 2 yards north of cultivated land. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



53 



Marks. — Observed station is center point 

References. — 

" Rack" o 

"Catholic Church Cross" 8 

"Methodist Church Spire" 25 

Cupola on Files store 29 

Nearest chimney on Webster house 43 

Right end of roof of 2 ' ..-story building at 

Pearsons 67 

Near corner of tower on Hodgdon house 93 

Chimney on old house 108 

Chimney on house 142 

Left chimney on Lee house 227 04 

Marburger house 281 00 

CRANE. 



f triangle on standard cement monument. 



00 
58 

1 1 
06 

56 



00 

21) 
2c I 



1 i mile. 

1 mile. 

< 4 mile. 

'4 mile. 

1 ' 4 miles. 

3 miles. 



01 _ . 2 ' s miles. 

18 _ _ i*s miles. 

53 - 



1 mile. 

1 ! , miles. 

-< 4 mile. 



General locality. — Southwest side of Patuxent River, on northeast side of Town Creek, about }4 m ile 
southwest of Town Point. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is in a cultivated field on Judge Crane farm, about 8 feet 
above high-water mark, 58 yards east northeast of Town Creek, 105 yards west of a fence, 1 15 yards west- 
northwest of a large cherry tree, 200 yards southeast of several detached buildings, and 20 yards east of 
top of a ravine. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 10 
inches below ground. 

References. — ° ' " 

"New" (N 36 51' E) o 

"Catholic Church Cross" 29 

Stack on ice plant 1 37 

Methodist Episcopal Church Tower 42 

Cherry tree (4 feet diameter ) 71 

Canning-house stack 157 

House on point 185 

Chimney on house 244 

Lightning rod on cupola of Judge Crane 

barn 277 

Right tangent to St. Cuthbert wharf 300 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger 

house 320 

Middle of gateway 355 

Oak tree on opposite shore of Patuxent 
River 359 



00 

25 
25 
!5 
26 

27 
20 
30 

01 

08 

49 
23 



3<> 



1 mile. 
1 ' 4 miles. 
1 ' 4 miles. 

1 > 4 miles. 
115 yards. 

' 4 mile. 
■ 4 mile. 
! 4 mile. 

' 4 mile. 

2 s 4 miles. 

7 8 mile. 
1 s mile. 



16 50 



M. E. CHURCH (SOLOMONS). 



1 mile. 



General locality. — Northeastern shore of Patuxent River, on upper end of Solomons Island, about 
'2 mile northwest of Sandy Point. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on Methodist Church at upper end of Solomons Island 
near beginning of causeway to mainland. 

Marks. — Observed station is tip of pyramidal tower on Methodist Church. 

References. — None necessary. 

K. OF P. FLAGSTAFF (SOLOMONS). 

General locality. — Northeastern side of Patuxent River, on Solomons Island, in the town of Solomons. 
(See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — ( )bserved station is on llagstaff in front of Knights of Pythias Building. 



54 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of flagstaff at about the same height as roof of the K. of P. Hall. 
References. — None necessary. 

SAND. 

General locality. — Northeastern side of Patuxent River on Sandy Point on extreme southern point 
of Solomons Island. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on pasture land about 5 feet above high water, 30 yards 
north of extreme point of planking protecting the shore from washing, 15 yards northeast of the extreme 
edge of sand and grass line, and about 13 yards east of top of bank. Cement monument marking 
reference station is 13.64 meters N 2° 19' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in southwest side of a 6-inch pile driven into ground with top 

6 inches above the surface. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° in 

"Drum Point Light" (N 83 57' E)--- o 00 00 ' 2 miles. 

Right tangent of woods on Hog Point 14 36 ._ 3 miles. 

Left end of peak of roof on 2 % -story build- 
ing at Pearsons 51 03 .. 2 miles. 

Chimney on storehouse at Millstone 74 18 ._ \% miles. 

Near point of gable of Hodgdon large 

house with square tower 93 54 __ 1% miles. 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger 

house 225 22 __ i^miles. 

Warren house opposite Johnson store 261 22 __ % mile. 

Reference station.- 278 22 10 13.64 meters. 

"K. of P. Flagstaff" 291 58 _. % mile. 

Right chimney of Dr. Marsh house 320 38 .. y% mile. 

"Bareda House Cupola" 347 48 30 \% miles. 

FISHSTACK. 

General locality. — Northeastern side of Patuxent River on northeastern side of entrance to Mill 
and Back creeks. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on mainland on fish fertilizer factory located on opposite 
side of creek from Solomons Island. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of smokestack on fish factory. 

References. — None necessary. 

BON. 

General locality. — North shore of Patuxent River about 1 'i miles west-northwest of Drum Point 
Light and about X mile east-northeast of Solomons Island. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on cultivated land, about 5 feet above high water, about 

7 yards north of shore, about 90 yards southeast of a 1 '.-^-story house on land 10 feet higher than station, 
and about 75 yards south of a 1 >2-story brick house. Cement monument marking reference station is 
0.67 meters N 45 ° 29' E of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is an inverted nail in center of cement in a 6-inch tile pipe with top 
flush with surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement 
monument. 

References. — 

"Drum Point Light" (S 73° 43' E) o 00 00 \% miles. 

Smoke pipe on oyster watch house 33 32 __ l< mile. 

Left end of peak of roof on lyi-'A.oxy build- 
ing at Pearsons 52 06 __ 2 % miles. 

Left end of peak of roof on house with 

piazza 82 29 __ 2K miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. _ 55 

Near point of roof of Hodgdon house with ° ' " 

square tower 89 14 ._ i% miles. 

Chimney on end of house.- 133 57 -- % mile. 

Left chimney on Weems house 159 37 -- % mile. 

Right chimney on wooden house 224 01 .. 90 yards. 

Left side of chimney on brick house 249 54 -. 75 yards. 

Reference station 299 12 00 0.67 meters. 

Near end of peak of house on bluff between 

trees 336 50 __ !4 mile. 

"Bareda House Cupola" .*.- 347 06 __ ' 4 mile. 

BAREDA HOUSE CUPOLA. 

General locality. — North side of Patuxent River about }4 mile northwest of Drum Point Light. 
(See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on Bareda House which is a large 3-story square mansion 
with square cupola with three windows on each side and a porch all around ground floor, located about 
100 yards back from shore on high land. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of ornamental design of four brackets on center of cupola. 

References. — None necessary. 

DRUM POINT LIGHT. 

General locality. — Northeastern side of entrance of Patuxent River and a short distance off shore 
from Drum Point. (See Chart No. 20. ) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a screw pile structure known as Drum Point Light- 
House. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of black lantern on Drum Point Light-House. 

Reference. — ° ' " 

"Cedar Point Light" (S 64° 33' E) o 00 00 3^ miles. 

BEX 

General locality. — Southwestern shore of Patuxent River about 1 mile south-southwest of Sandy 
Point and 1 ' 4 miles south-southeast of Town Point. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a clay and sand bluff in a cultivated field, about 20 feet 
above high-water mark, about 10 feet west of edge of bank, 3 feet south of point covered with scrub 
pines, about 15 yards northeast of one edge of plateau, 10 yards southeast of another edge of plateau, 
about 65 yards north of point of woods, and 10 yards south of cut in bank which is washing rapidly. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 8.42 meters S 56° 15' W of station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in cement in 6-inch tile pipe with top flush with ground. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

" Drum Point Light" (N 68° 07' E) o 00 00 2 % miles. 

Left tangent of trees on Hog Point 16 21 -. 3^ miles. 

Near end of peak of roof of large 2 'i-story 

building at Pearsons 39 36 __ 2 '-4 miles. 

Near piazza post of Millstone Hotel 56 11 .. ij^ miles. 

Chimney of Craddock house 60 28 __ 1% miles. 

Chimney on end of cabin 97 24 _. 200 yards. 

Tall pine tree 138 35 __ 50 yards. 

Reference station 168 08 00 8.42 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (4 inches 

diameter) 176 33 50 7.79 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (4 inches 

diameter) 223 40 40 8.77 meters. 



56 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (4 inches ° ' " 

diameter) 236 39 ._ _.. 2.07 meters. 

Near end of peak of roof of Marburger 

house 272 12 __ 2 miles. 

"Catholic Church Cross" 304 54 40 \% miles. 

"Bareda House Cupola" 350 34 40 2% miles. 

CRADDOCK. 



General locality. — Southern shore of Patuxent River, about 2^'i miles south-southeast of Drum 
Point Light and % mile west of Millstone Landing. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on lawn about 15 feet above high-water mark, about 10 
yards south from top edge of bank, 15 yards from bottom edge of bank and fence, 30 yards east of 
extreme edge of point, 30 yards northeast of trees along shore of pond, about no yards northwest of 
Craddock house and several outbuildings among poplar trees, 50 yards east of fence, and 70 yards west 
of driveway to house. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument, with top flush 
with lawn. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Drum Point Light" (N 37° 15' E) _- o 00 

Left tangent of woods on Carroll Point 21 52 

Near end of peak of roof of 2% -story build- 
ing at Pearsons 42 25 

Chimney on hotel at Millstone 64 56 

Cottonwood tree ( 14 inches diameter) 68 54 

Chimney on roof of Craddock 2' 2 -story 

house 95 27 

Nail in stump (14 inches diameter) 309 25 

"Fishstack" 317 30 



2K 


miles. 


1U 


miles. 


1 "4 


miles. 


l 2 


mile. 


80 


yards 



.- no yards. 

50 5.35 meters. 

50 2 miles. 



CARROLL 2. 



General locality. — South side of Patuxent River, about 1 mile south-southwest of Hog Point and 
about 1 mile south of Drum Point Light. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sandy clay bluff in a cultivated field, about 50 feet 
above high- water mark, 4 feet south of top edge of bluff, 180 yards east of trees and ravine beyond 
cultivated field, 60 yards west of trees and ravine beyond cultivated field, 300 yards north of large 
square chimney on old-fashioned farmhouse, and 250 yards north of large tree to right of farmhouse. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 13.32 meters S 54 30' W of observed station. Another 
reference station is a nail in the east side of cement in a 6-inch tile pipe 14.64 meters S 13° 20' E of 
observed station and on range with Drum Point Light. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of 5-inch tile pipe with top 8 inches below surface of ground. 
Reference station is nail in cement on east side of a 6-inch tile pipe with top 6 inches below surface of 
ground. Another reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument with top 
9 inches below surface of ground. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Drum Point Light" (N 13 20' W) o 

Left tree on Hog Point 81 

Right of bushes at edge of ravine 142 

Tree (12 inches diameter) 164 

Reference station (tile) 179 

Tree (20 inches diameter) 183 

Chimney of Susquehanna farmhouse 192 

^ Large tree 199 

Reference station (monument) 247 

Right chimney of Fenner Lee house 302 



00 

40 



1 mile. 
1 mile. 

75 yards. 

__ }4 mile. 

45 14.64 meters 

__ yi mile. 

10 300 yards. 

08 __ 250 yards. 

50 00 13.32 meters. 

45 __ 4X miles. 



00 

59 
00 

48 
59 
25 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 57 

Center of four-sided roof on Doctor Marsh ° ' " 

house 307 58 __ 2 % miles. 

"Catholic Church Cross" 315 32 00 2 J^ miles. 

Silver tip on tower of Vale house 316 15 30 3 miles. 

Chimney of Bowen house — 327 16 __ 2 miles. 

"Bareda House Cupola" 348 44 00 \]/i miles. 

HOG 2. 

General locality. — Southern shore of entrance to Patuxent River on Hog Point, about i]/i miles 
west-northwest of Cedar Point Light. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a sand beach at high-water mark, 30 yards northwest 
of point of woods, and 200 yards north-northeast of nearest shore of Parsons Creek. Cement monu- 
ment marking reference station is 33.35 meters S 42° 22' E of observed station on a [joint of high land. 
Marks. — Observed station is nail set in cement in a 6-inch tile pipe, with top 1 foot below the 
surface. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

" Drum Point Light " (N 60 ° 44' \Y) o 00 00 \% miles. 

" Bareda House Cupola" 2 44 50 i^'miles. 

Chimney of cabin on opposite shore 22 20 .. \ l / 2 miles. 

Tangent of Little Cove Point 71 56 __ 3 yi miles. 

"Cedar Point Light" 173 31 40 2 miles. 

Reference station 198 21 50 33.35 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pine tree 201 03 __ 29.58 meters. 

Cabin on opposite side of Parsons Creek 243 05 __ 3^" mile. 

Chimney on Susquehanna farmhouse 301 04 .. 1 mile. 

"M. V.. Church" (Solomons) 346 16 40 3 I -2miles. 

Steeple of Vale house at Avondale 350 55 ._ 3, '< miles. 

PAT. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay on Little Cove Point, about 1 ?4 miles south 
by west of Cove Point Light. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on the highest point of a thickly wooded bluff, about 75 
feet above high-water mark, 4 yards west of edge of bluff, and 15 yards southwest of extreme point. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 24.57 meters S 71 ° 26' W of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a 3-inch round stake set in cement, with top about 4 inches above 
surface of ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Cedar Point Light " (S 13 54' E) o 00 00 4 14 miles. 

Near piazza post of house 14 52 __ 4 miles. 

Reference station 85 20 00 24.57 meters. 

Spike in blaze in tree (5 inches diameter) . _ 94 51 _. 6.54 meters. 

Spike in blaze in tree (5 inches diameter) _ „ 114 10 __ 3.42 meters. 

Spike in blaze in tree (17 inches diameter). 138 54 ._ 12.26 meters. 

Spike in blaze in tree (13 inches diameter). 181 46 ._ 5.50 meters. 

" Cove Point Light " 203 25 30 i?-£ miles. 

"Hoopers Island Light" 327 58 10 ioj- 4 ' miles. 

CEDAR POINT LIGHT. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay on Cedar Point, 3' 4 miles east-southeast of 
Drum Point Light and 6 miles south by east of Cove Point Light. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a brick dwelling known as Cedar Poirt Light-House. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of lantern on Cedar Point Light-House 
Reference. — ° ' " 

"Cove Point Light" (N 7 16' W) o' 00 00 6 miles. 



58 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



CAIN. 

General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, about ifs miles southwest of Cedar Point 
Light. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on a bank about 5 feet above high-water mark, about 20 
yards northwest of ordinary high water, 5 yards northwest of extreme high water, 100 yards south- 
southwest of old-fashioned house among several large trees, and about 250 yards below small wharf and 
canning house. Cement monument marking reference station is 6.45 meters N 16 56' E of observed 
station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail set in cement in a 3-inch pipe with top about 2 inches above 
ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — c ' " 

" Cedar Point Light " (N 46° 45' E) o 

Steeple on church 28 

" Hoopers Island Light" 56 

" Point No Point Light" 106 

Right chimney on Tarleton house 135 

Near end of peak of 2-story house 148 

Reference station 330 

Near corner of house 335 

' Aspen tree in house yard 339 



00 
26 



00 i^i miles. 

__ 9J2 miles. 

28 40 734 miles. 

05 __ 11% miles. 

12 _. 314' miles. 

41 __ iJ4 miles. 

10 40 6.45 meters. 

13 __ 100 yards. 

35 50 100 yards. 



DESERT. 



General locality. — Western shore of Chesapeake Bay, about 3 miles south-southwest of Cedar Point 
Light. (See Chart No. 20.) 

Immediate locality. — Observed station is on sand and grass land, about 25 yards west from ordinary 
high-water mark, about at level of extreme high-water mark, 40 yards south of a fence, 10 yards east of 
a fence, 45 yards south of a creek, about 50 yards north of point of pine woods, and about 300 yards 
east of woods across marsh. Cement monument marking reference station is 5.29 meters N31 24' W 
of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a 4-inch tile pipe projecting about 2 inches above surface of sand. 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Cedar Point Light" (N 34° 05' E) o 00 

Steeple on church 34 19 

" Hoopers Island Light" 59 08 

" Point No Point Light" 113 27 

Near end of peak of roof of Tarleton house. 135 09 

Point of woods 146 00 

Nail in blaze in pine tree (14 inches diam- 
eter) 294 30 

Reference station 294 30 

Chimney on near end of house 336 38 

Large square chimney on larger of two 

houses 344 48 .. 1 mile. 



00 

40 
40 
3° 



40 



3 miles. 


10J-2 miles. 


8 miles. 


1 1 miles. 


2 miles. 


50 yards. 


7.62 meters 


5.29 meters 


l A mile. 



BOUNDARIES OF OYSTER BARS. 

EXPLANATION. 

The law of the United States authorizing the cooperation of the Department of 
Commerce and Labor in the survey of natural oyster bars of Maryland provides for the 
designation and employment by the Department of Commerce and Labor of such officers, 
experts, and other technically qualified persons "as may be necessary to cooperate with 
the Maryland State Board of Shell Fish Commissioners in making a survey of and locating 
the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland." 
The oyster laws of Maryland provide that the Maryland Shell Fish Commissioners, with 
the aid of such persons as may be designated by the Government, shall proceed "to 
have laid out, surveyed, and designated on the said charts the natural beds and bars, 
and shall cause to be marked and defined as accurately as practicable the limits and 
boundaries of the natural beds, bars, and rocks as established by said survey, and they 
shall take true and accurate notes of said survey in writing, and make an accurate report 
of said survey, setting forth such a description of landmarks as may be necessary to 
enable the said board, or their successors, to find and ascertain the boundary lines of 
the said natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks, as shown by a delineation on the maps 
and charts." The oyster laws of Maryland also provide in another section that there 
shall "be made a true and accurate survey of the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks 
* * * with reference to fixed and permanent objects on the shore, giving courses 
and distances, to be fully described and' set out in a written report of said survey." 

Under the provisions of the laws quoted above the State of Maryland, in coopera- 
tion with the Department of Commerce and Labor, must define the boundaries of the 
natural oyster bars "as accurately as practicable" and also "with reference to fixed and 
permanent objects on the shore, giving courses and distances." The requirement of 
"as accurately as practicable" is easily fulfilled by definition of the location of the cor- 
ners of the oyster bars by latitude and longitude. In fact, this method is probably the 
most satisfactory and accurate one that could be used for all purposes of legal definition 
or for relocation of the oyster-bar boundaries by competent engineers. Therefore the 
additional requirement of "giving courses and distances" is superfluous and is only 
fulfilled in the published definitions on account of the specific provisions of the law 
making it compulsory. This part of the description of boundaries has involved an 
immense amount of extra computations in order to prevent technical discrepancies 
between the latitude and longitude of a corner of an oyster bar and its distance and 
bearing from objects on shore of known latitude and longitude without adding anything' 
to the accuracy and very little to the convenience of practical use of the descriptions 
of the oyster-bar boundaries. 

59 



60 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

As provided by law the boundaries of the oyster bars are all straight lines, but in 
the work already completed they have inclosed areas of all shapes from triangles to 
complicated 14-sided figures, and of all sizes from 4 acres to 7,548 acres. The sides 
have varied in length Irom 93 to 7,529 yards, and in some cases the corners of the bound- 
aries have been practically at the triangulation stations from which they are located, 
while in other instances they were over 13,600 yards from the landmarks most available 
for the purpose of fixing their position. 

The varied characteristics of the legal boundaries of the oyster bars indicated by 
the above statement, together with the complicated requirements of the law under 
which the survey has been made and the magnitude of the work with the conse- 
quent need of fixed and uniform methods, have made the problem of describing the 
boundaries one of considerable difficulty and great importance. 

The boundaries of the oyster bars of Maryland, as established by the Shell Fish 
Commission and delineated on the Coast and Geodetic Survey charts and projections 
and on the leasing charts of the Commission, are technically defined and described by a 
method somewhat different from that used in other oyster surveys. But it is believed 
that the forms finally adopted will fulfill all needs of the survey for both the present 
and future. 

METHOD OF DESCRIBING BOUNDARIES. 

The descriptions have been arranged in tabular form, thus avoiding many hundred 
repetitions of the same words by making one explanation of the tables sufficient for all 
oyster bars in each county. 

Title. — At the top of each tabular form is given the legal name of the oyster bar to 
be described, and the one by which it is known and designated in the published oyster 
records and on the oyster charts. The adopted name of the oyster bar is the one used 
locally, as nearly as could be ascertained by the hydrographic engineer of the Commis- 
sion; and when there was no local name in common use a name was selected from one 
of the prominent features of the vicinity that would naturally suggest the section of 
the waters where the oyster bar was located. 

Underneath the name, in parenthesis, is given the general locality of the oyster bar 
and the serial number of the "Maryland Oyster Chart" on which its legal boundaries 
are shown." 

First column. — This column, under the heading of "Corner of bar," gives the num- 
ber corresponding to the corner of the boundary as shown on the charts and to the 
number on the buoy marking the actual corner of the bar. The numbers of the corners 
have been assigned by naming the southernmost point No. 1, thence proceeding in a 
clockwise direction around the bar; but where a corner of one oyster bar is identical 
with the corner of the boundaries of one or more other oyster bars only the number of 
the corner of the oyster bar being described in the table is given in this column. 

Second and third columns. — These two columns, under the headings of "Latitude" 
and "Longitude," give the geographic positions of the corners. These positions have 
been adopted by the Commission as the primary technical definition of the location of 
the corners, and should be considered as final in case of a dispute arising from discrep- 

a These charts can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey at Washington, D. C. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 61 

ancies caused by other means of location. The latitudes and longitudes given in these 
columns are based on the United States standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic 
.Survey, and the points thus defined can be relocated from distant triangulation stations 
of the Survey, even though all the landmarks and buoys originally used for their 
location have been destroyed by natural or other causes. 

Fourth and fifth columns. — These two columns, under the general heading of "True 
bearing" and the specific headings "Forward" and "Back," give bearings measured 
from a true north-and-south line. The three "Forward" bearings are from the corner 
of the boundary designated in the first column to the triangulation stations named on 
the corresponding lines in the last column, and the three " Back " bearings are from these 
same stations in the last column to the corresponding corner of boundary in the first 
column. The difference in minutes of arc between the forward and back bearings 
shown in some cases is actual and not accidental, and is due to the fact that the com- 
putations took into account the spheroidal shape of the earth. 

Sixth column. — This column, under the heading of "Distance," gives the three 
computed distances in yards from the corner of the bar noted in the first column to the 
three triangulation stations named on the corresponding lines in the last column, and 
vice versa. 

Seventh column. — This column, under the heading of "U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 
tion station,"'' gives the names of the landmarks from which were computed the cor- 
responding "Latitude," "Longitude," "True bearing," and "Distance" of the "Corner 
of the bar" designated in the first column. A full description of the location and mark- 
ings of these triangulation stations is given in another part of this publication under 
the heading of "Descriptions of triangulation stations." 

SURVEYING METHODS FOR RELOCATION OF BOUNDARIES. 

There are a number of methods that can be used in the relocation of the actual 
boundaries of the natural oyster bars as technically described in this publication and 
delineated on the published charts of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the leasing 
charts of the Shell Fish Commission. 

The following brief descriptions of five of these more or less different methods assume 
a certain amount of experience and knowledge on the part of the engineer in the particu- 
lar kind of surveying under consideration, and are only intended as reminders of ways 
and means that can be used. 

There are two problems that are likely to present themselves to those interested in 
the boundaries of natural oyster bars: One, to determine whether the buovs marking 
the corners have been dragged or otherwise moved from their correct positions, and the 
other, to relocate or reestablish a buoy at the point from which it was removed. The 
different ways of solving these two problems partly depend upon the instruments pos- 
sessed by the engineer and his assistants and partly on his training and experience. 

« The mean magnetic variation for Calvert County was 5 50' west of north in 1909 and increasing 
at the rate of 3' yearly. 

b Geographic positions of these triangulation stations can be obtained by application to the Super- 
intendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C. 



62 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

(i) Triangulation. — This method is the one that will give the greatest accuracy, 
but on account of its requiring special data and instruments, and being an operation 
rarely used by engineers not engaged in geodetic surveying, it is recommended only for 
cases in dispute that can not .be settled satisfactorily by some other method. An 
explanation of this class of work would be too long for a report of this sort, and those 
not familiar with this method are referred to the publications on the subject by the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

(2) Hydrographic. — This method is the most simple and satisfactory one that can 
be adopted if the surveyor can obtain the use of the necessary instruments and assistants. 
It is the one best suited for the work of the engineers of the Commission in relocating 
corners of boundaries, as it gives results of the accuracy ordinarily required and is rapid 
in execution. Besides, it has the advantage of being available whenever three triangu- 
lation stations of suitable relative positions are visible from the offshore points needing 
relocation. 

Most navigators and others familiar with the use of a sextant are well acquainted 
with the graphic three-point method of fixing a position on water, and only a brief 
description of the operation will be stated. 

In the case where there is only one engineer having a single sextant, the three-point 
method can be used if the two angles determining the position of a buoy are first 
derived from the "Forward" bearings given in the tabular forms describing the bound- 
aries of the oyster bars. For example, take "Hog Point" bar, which is the first one 
described in this publication, and assume that "Corner No. 1" is to be examined as 
to its position. The angle between the two landmarks "Hog Point" and "Beach," as 
determined from right to left from the forward bearings from this corner is 67 35' and 
the angle between "Beach" and "111 2" is 17° 16'. Having these two angles,* the 
engineer proceeds to the buoy of doubtful location and measures the actual sextant 
angles between the landmarks for which the calculations were made. If the meas- 
ured and calculated angles do not agree the buoy is not in its correct position and the 
boundary corner must be relocated. This is accomplished by moving the boat about 
until a point is reached where the angles do agree, and this point being the desired 
location the buoy can be placed in its correct position. 

If the engineer can obtain the use of both a sextant and a three-arm protractor 
("position finder"), the availability of the hydrographic method is increased, as the use 
of the protractor is essential in case of the washing away or destruction of one or more 
of the landmarks originally used in describing the boundaries. Under these circum- 
stances, any three landmarks of suitable relative position that are visible from the 
point to be located can be utilized. For example, the engineer can proceed to the buoy 
of doubtful position and measure the two adjacent sextant angles between the three 
landmarks selected. These two angles are set off on the three-arm protractor and the 
actual position of the buoy plotted on the chart by shifting the protractor about until 
the edge of each of the .three arms passes through the center of the symbols on the 
chart marking the position of the three landmarks selected. The center of the hub of 
the protractor will indicate on the chart the actual position of the buoy, and if the 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 63 

point thus obtained docs not coincide with the true position of the corner of the bound- 
ary as given on the chart the surveyor can proceed to locate the buoy correctly by 
reversing the operation. This is done by placing the center point of the hub of the 
protractor over the corner of the boundary in question and measuring on the chart 
the two adjacent protractor angles between the three selected landmarks. One of the 
angles thus obtained is set on the sextant and the boat moved about until the two 
landmarks are shown by the sextant to subtend the same angle obtained from the 
protractor. The second angle is then placed on the sextant and the; same operation 
gone through, and so on, first using one angle on the sextant, then the other, until a 
point is reached where both observed sextant angles are practically identical with 
the protractor angles. The point thus located is the desired one and the buoy can 
be placed to mark the true position of the corner of the boundary in question. 

If the engineer possesses two sextants and a protractor this problem is far easier 
of solution, as the two angles can be set off on separate sextants and the observer can 
quickly find the desired point where they agree with the protractor angles by using one 
sextant after the other without the need of resetting either. 

If there are two observers two sextants, and a protractor, it can be seen that the 
best conditions for both rapid and accurate hydrographic locations of points are attained ; 
in fact, this is the method by which the buoys at the corners of the boundaries were 
.originally placed by the hydrographic engineer to the Commission. 

(3) Magnetic bearings from offshore. — This method of fixing a position on water is 
a simple and well-known one in navigation. It is available to anyone having a boat 
compass, and will be of special use to the State Fishery Force in investigating cases where 
buoys are supposed to have been moved for illegal purposes. 

In the case where a buoy is supposed to have been moved from its true position 
the observer takes compass bearings to the three landmarks given in the last column of 
the tables opposite the boundary corner in question. These bearings are then corrected 
for the local declination, and if the results agree with the published bearings the buoy 
is correctly located. 

In the case where the buoy is not in its correct position, or has disappeared 
altogether, the desired point can be determined by maneuvering the vessel until the 
corrected bearings agree with the ones in the tabular descriptions, when the buoy can 
be anchored in its proper location. 

In the case where the landmarks for which the bearings are published have been 
destroyed or washed away, any landmarks whose positions are indicated on the charts 
can be used by getting their bearings directly from the chart by parallel rulers or a 
protractor and then applying them in the same manner as the ones published in the 
tables. 

(4) Magnetic bearings from shore. — This method will be of special value to engineers 
having an ordinary surveyor's compass. The compass can be set over the point mark- 
ing a "triangulation station" on shore, the name of which is given in the last column 

o The mean magnetic variation for Calvert County is 5 50' west of north in 1909 and increasing 
at the rate of 3' yearly. 



6 4 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



opposite the "corner" in question. The instrument is then set at the corresponding 
"back" bearing (corrected for local magnetic declination) given in the fifth column 
of the tables opposite the "corner" in question, and the direction thus determined will 
give one range on which the desired point must be located. The compass can then be 
moved to a second triangulation station and another range located in a similar manner. 
The intersection of these two range lines will give the desired point; but in general it 
should be checked by an additional range line determined from a third station. 

(5) Horizontal angles measured at landmarks. — This process is a modification of the 
triangulation method, and will be useful to engineers who have a transit and desire 
considerable accuracy. 

The instrument is placed over a " triangulation station," the name of which appears 
in the last column of the tabular description opposite the "corner" in question. The 
telescope is then pointed to the landmark indicated in the "Descriptions of landmarks" 
as having a direction of o° 00' 00" from the triangulation station being occupied by the 
transit. The tabular description of the boundaries is next examined and the "back" 
bearing of the questionable boundary "corner" from the landmark being occupied is 
taken out. The angle calculated from this "back" bearing and the bearing given in 
parenthesis alongside the zero landmark in the "Descriptions of landmarks" is then 
set off on the transit, and a range line established on which the desired point must be 
located. A similar process is then carried on at a second station, and so on until the 
position of the buoy is satisfactorily fixed. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS. 



HOG POINT. 
(Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 16.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ // 


/ tt 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 42 OO. OO 


76 29 42.57 


N 
S 
S 


65 49 w 
46 36 w 
29 20 w 


S 65 50 E 
N 46 35 E 
N 29 19 E 


3489 
4709 
6294 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 


2 


38 42 OO. OO 


76 30 38.41 


N 
S 
S 


50 04 w 
31 01 w 
16 19 w 


S 50 04 E 
N 31 00 E 
N 16 19 E 


2227 
3776 

5717 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 


3 


38 4^ 39-59 


76 30 41.04 


N 
S 
S 


86 42 W 
22 19 W 
12 42 W 


S 86 43 E 
N 22 18 E 
N 12 41 E 


1640 
4941 
6994 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 


4 


38 42 30. 67 


76 29 56. 13 


N 
S 
S 


82 02 W 

35 39 W 
22 41 W 


S 82 03 E 
N 35 38 E 
N 22 40 E 


2852 
5255 
7068 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 






Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

UPPER STEPS. 
(Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 16.) 



65 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. trianeula- 


of 
bar 




Forward 


Back 


tion station 


1 


/ it 
38 40 31. 72 


/ // 
76 3J 22. 80 


N 
S 
S 


f 
6 56 W 
71 26 W 
9 47 W 


/ 

S 6 s6 E 
N 71 26 E 
N 9 47 E 


Yards. 
4429 

815 
2547 


Hog Point (Holland 3) 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 


2 


38 41 07.90 


76 31 23.42 


N 
S 
S 


9 14 W 

27 03 W 

6 22 W 


S 9 14 E 
N 27 03 E 
N 6 22 K 


3228 
1661 

3753 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 


3 


38 41 07.81 


76 30 43. 13 


N 
S 

s 


26 23 W 
50 58 w 
21 41 w 


S 26 24 E 
N 50 58 E 
N 21 40 E 


35 61 
2344 

401 1 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 


4 


38 40 32. 14 


76 30 41. 83 


N 
S 

s 


20 13 w 

81 37 W 
30 59 ^ 


S 20 13 E 

N 81 36 E 
N 30 59 E 


4681 
1876 
2945 


Hog Point (Holland 3). 

Beach. 

Ill 2. 



LOWER STEPS. 
(Chesapeake Bay — Chart .Vc. 16.) 





/ // 

38 37 54- 20 


/ 11 
76 30 09. 22 


N 
S 

s 


/ 

40 20 \Y 
47 33 W 

9 3° W 


/ 
S 40 21 E 
N 47 33 E 
N 9 30 E 


Yards. 
3676 
1590 
2967 


111 2. 
Plum 3. 
Pier. 


2 


38 38 22.74 


76 31 01. 84 


N 
N 

s 


17 58 w 

28 13 w 

6 09 E 


S 17 58 E 
S 28 14 E 
N 6 08 W 


4299 
2088 
2047 


Beach. 
Ill 2. 

Plum 3. 


3 


38 39 03.00 


■jh 31 10.50 . 


N 
N 
S 


21 53 W 

57 35 W 

7 3'i E 


S 21 53 E 
S 57 35 E 
N 7 3i W 


^944 

898 

342 2 


Beach. 
Ill 2. 

Plum 3. 


4 


38 39 °3- 4° 


76 30 4.0. 60 


N 
N 
S 


34 46 W 

73 " W 

5 53 W 


S 34 47 E 
S 73 12 E 

N 5 53 E 


33io 
1619 

3346 


Beach. 
Ill 2. 
Plum 3. 


5 


38 38 00. 00 


7fi 29 21.95 


N 
S 

s 


54 19 W 
62 23 W 
29 09 W 


S 54 20 E 
N 62 22 E 
N 29 08 E 


4467 
2735 
3574 


Ill 2. 
Plum 3. 
Pier. 



20908 — 10- 



66 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 
PLUM POINT. 

{Chesapeake Bay — Charts Nos. 16 and 17.) 



Cor- 








True bearing 








ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. trie 
tion station 




of 
bar 


Forward 


, Back 






/ // 


/ // 




/ 


r 


Yards. 






I 


38 35 08.99 


76 29 30. 18 


N 
S 
S 


29 56 w 
36 34 w 
28 09 w 


S 29 56 E 
N 36 33 E 
N 28 08 E 


3052 
2896 

5177 


Pier. 
Pen. 
Patch. 




2 


38 35 23-36 


76 30 13. 24 


N 
S 
S 


10 03 w 

14 27 w 
n 45 W 


S 10 04 E 
N 14 27 E 
N 11 45 E 


2194 

5214 
2871 


Pier. 

Patch. 

Pen. 




3 


38 37 54. 20 


76 30 09. 22 


N 
S 

s 


40 20 w 

47 33 W 

9 30 W 


S 40 21 E 
N 47 33 E 
N 9 30 E 


3676 

1590 
2967 


Ill 2. 
Plum 3. 
Pier. 




4 


38 38 00. 00 


76 29 21.95 


N 
S 
S 


54 19 W 
62 23 W 
29 09 w 


S 54 20 E 
N 62 22 E 
N 29 08 E 


4467 
2735 
3574 


Ill 2. 
Plum 3. 
Pier. 




5 


38 37 25.92 


76 28 39.97 


N 
S 

s 


51 36 w 
88 05 W 
55 20 W 


S 51 38 E 
N 88 03 E 
N 55 19 E 


6048 
3536 
3467 


Ill 2. 
Plum 3. 
Pier. 




6 


38 35 46.04 


76 28 39. 80 


N 

s 
s 


63 57 W 
40 33 W 
33 00 W 


S 63 5 8 E 
N 40 32 E 
N 32 59 E 


3178 
4705 
6932 


Pier. 

Pen. 
Patch. 





DADDIE DARE. 

(Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. 17.) 





Q I ■ II 


O / II 




/ 


r 


Yards. 




1 


38 33 16.42 


76 30 01.31 


N 
S 
S 


31 30 w 

64 35 W 
24 08 W 


S 31 30 E 
N 64 34 E 
N 24 08 E 


1724 
1791 
3575 


Pen. 

Patch. 

Parker. 


2 


38 34 14.52 


76 30 39- 37' 


s 
s 

N 


12 36 W 

12 22 E 

3 56 E 


N 12 36 E 
N 12 22 W 
S 3 56 w 


2795 

501 

4493 


Patch. 

Pen. 

Pier. 


3 


38 34 54- 39 


76 30 39. 16 


s 
s 

N 


8 36 W 
3 10 E 
5 38 E 


N 8 35 E 
N 3 10 W 
S 5 38 W 


4118 
1836 
3153 


Patch. 

Pen. 

Pier. 


4 


38 34 33. 11 


76 29 58. 02 


N 
S 

s 


11 31 W • 

41 30 W 
26 57 w 


S 11 32 E 
N 41 30 E 
N 26 56 E 


3935 
1491 
3762 


Pier. 
Pen. 
Patch. 


5 


38 33 40.94 


76 29 34.95 


N 
S 

s 


68 05 W 
55 26 W 
27 51 W 


S 68 06 E 
N 55 25 E 
N 27 50 E 


1722 
2812 
4625 


Pen. 

Patch. 

Parker. 



Survey of < Oyster Bats, Calvert County, Md. 

GOVERNORS RUN. 

({ h sapeake Bay (harts Nos. iy and i,1.) 



6 7 



Cor- 
ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True L 


earing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. 
tion s 


S. triangula- 


of 

bar 


Forward 


Back 


tation 


I 


/ // 
38 30 13 3 6 


Of ft 

76 29 52.52 


N 
S 
S 


/ 
3° '3 W 

35 =8 W 
18 47 E 


/ 

S 30 13 E 
N 35 28 E 
N 18 46 W 


) 'ards. 

3368 

328 

3657 


Parker. 

Run. 

Poplar. 




- 


38 31 58. 17 


76 29 50.96 


N 
S 

s 


45 20 W 

70 15 w 

3 -'9 W 


S 45 21 E 
N 70 14 E 
N 3 29 E 


2660 

1845 
3808 


Patch. 

Parker. 

Run. 




3 


38 31 58.03 


76 29 13.54 


N 
S 

s 


56 58 W 
77 13 W 
17 51 W 


S 56 59 E 

N 77 12 E 
N 17 51 E 


3439 
2796 
3988 


Patch. 

Parker. 

Run. 




4 


38 31 16.41 


76 29 02, 58 


N 
N 
S 


44 04 w 
75 =5 W 
32 19 W 


S 44 05 E 
S 75 =7 E 
N 32 18 E 


4563 
3"8 
2831 


Patch. 

Parker. 

Run. 




5 


38 31 01. 16 


76 29 38. 60 


N 
N 
S 


30 20 w 

57 49 W 
16 34 W 


S 30 20 E 

S 57 49 E 
N 16 34 E 


4394 
2439 
1955 


Patch. 

Parker. 

Run. 




6 


38 30 18.02 


76 29 40. 77 


N 
S 
S 


36 04 W 
49 47 W 
13 27 E 


S 36 05 E 

N 49 47 E 
N 13 29 W 


3407 

656 

3722 


Parker. 

Run. 

Poplar. 





EMANUEL. 
K 'hesapeake Hay — Charts Nos. iy and iS.) 





° 




/ rt 


t 


t 


Yards. 






38 


28 19. 22 


76 28 25.9O 


N 34 45 W 
N 70 56 W 
S 32 20 E 


S 34 46 E 
S 70 s6 E 
N 32 20 W 


4360 
1184 
2596 


Run. 
Poplar. 
Flag Pond. 


2 


38 


3° 13- 36 


76 29 52.52 


N 30 13 W 
S 35 28 W 
S 18 47 E 


S 30 13 E 
N 35 28 E 
N 18 46 W 


3368 

328 

3657 


Parker 

Run. 

Poplar. 


3 


38 


30 18.02 


76 29 40. 77 


N 36 04 W 
S 49 47 w 
S 13 27 E 


S 36 05 E 
N 49 47 E 
N 13 29 W 


3407 
656 

372 2 


Parker. 

Run. 

Poplar. 


4 


38 


3° 35- 16 


76 29 OI.32 


N 54 30 W 
S "5 7 04 W 
S 2 27 W 


S 54 31 E 

N 57 04 E 
N 2 27 E 


3748 
1843 
4202 


Parker. 

Run. 

Poplar. 


5 


38 


28 53.66 


76 28 OI. 74 


N 52 14 W 
S 66 15 W 
S 12 34 E 


S 52 .5 E 
N 66 14 E 

N 12 34 W 


3953 
1923 

3437 


Run. 

Poplar. 
Flag Pond. 



68 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

FLAG POND. 

■ (Chesapeake Bay — Chart No. iS.) 



Cor- 
ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


I 


o / // 
38 24 51.50 


76 24 49.59 


, 

N 45 57 W 
N 85 35 W 
S 41 39 E 


' t 

S 45 59 E 
S 85 35 E 
N 41 41 W 


Yards. 

4058 

210 

4564 


Wilson 2. 
Point of Rocks. 
Cove Point Light. 


2 


38 25 18.03 


76 25 24.78 


S 39 30 E 
N 56 55 E 
N 45 50 W 


N 39 30 W 
S 56 58 W 
S 45 5i E 


1138 

10684 

2766 


Point of Rocks. 
Travers 2. 
Wilson 2. 


3 


38 25 33.97 


76 25 40. 16 


S 38 39 E 
N 60 30 E. 
N 48 37 W 


N 38 38 W 
S 60 33 w 
S 48 37 E 


1813 

io 755 

2101 


Point of Rocks. 
Travers 2. 
Wilson 2. 


4 


38 26 04. 98 


76 26 19. 20 


S 41 22 E 
N 67 45 E 
N 57 35 W 


N 41 22 W 
S 67 49 W 
S 57 35 E ■ 


3280 

1 1230 

641 


Point of Rocks. 
Travers 2. 
Wilson 2. 


5 


38 26 23. 49 


76 26 48. 62 


S 40 29 E 
N 72 01 E 
N 34 52 W 


N 40 29 W 
S 72 05 w 
S 34 53 E 


37° 

1 1 749 

2082 


Wilson 2. 
Travers 2. 
Flag Pond. 


6 


38 26 53.57 


76 26 51. 50 


N 58 04 W 
S 13 4i E 
S 36 25 E 


S 58 05 E 
N 13 41 W 

N 36 24 W 


1312 
1333 
5095 


Flag Pond. 
Wilson 2. 
Point of Rocks. 


7 


38 27 OI. 36 


76 26 35.34 


N 74 22 W 
S 4 08 W 
S 30 45 E 


S 74 23 E 
•N 4 08 E 
N 30 44 W 


1600 
1562 
5076 


Flag Pond. 
Wilson 2. 
Point of Rocks. 


8 


38 26 32. 14 


76 25 46.03 


N 63 34 W 
S 68 03 W 
S 20 52 E 


S 63 3.5 E 
N 68 02 E 
N 20 53 W 


3183 
1531 
3614 


Flag Pond. 
Wilson 2. 
Point of Rocks. 


9 


38 26 06. 70 


76 25 54.97 


N 48 57 W 
N 76 27 W 
S 31 11 E 


S 48 58 E 
S 76 27 E 
N 31 n W 


3465 
1217 

2945- 


Flag Pond. 
Wilson 2. 
Point of Rocks. 


IO 


38 24 54. 58 


76 24 44. 12 


N 48 24 W 
S 76 07 W 
S 39 25 E 


S 48 25 E 
N 76 07 E 
N 39 24 W 


4094 

365 

4548 


Wilson 2. 
Point of Rocks. 
Cove Point Light. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

SPOUT. 
(Upper Patuxent River — Chart No. ig.) 



69 



Cor- 








True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ // 


/ // 




/ 


/ 


Yards, 




I 


38 30 42. 61 


7 6 39 57- 79 


N 
S 

s 


69 04 w 
60 58 w 

7 3^ E 


S 69 04 E 
N 60 57-E 
N 7 32 W 


19* 

1391 

348 


City, 

Indian. 

Hallowing. 


' 


38 30 45.02 


76 40 05. 13 


N 
S 

s 


69 42 W 
53 28 W 
29 23 E 


vS 69 42 E 
N 53 28 E 
N 29 23 W 


581 
1269 
489 


City. 

Indian. 

Hallowing. 


3 


38 30 53- 38 


76 39 57-79 

1 


N 
S 

s 


26 so W 

83 48 W 

3 51 E 


S 26 5 i E 
N 83 48 E 
N 3 51 W 


I.S94 
744 
710 


Teague. 

City. 

Hallowing. 


4 


38 30 50. 86 


76 39 49. 62 


N 
N 
S 


3i 54 W 
89 43 W 
15 20 W 


S 31 54 E 
S 89 44 E 
N 15 20 E 


1772 
956 
646 


Teague. 

City. 

Hallowing. 



HOLLAND POINT (CALVERT COUNTY). 
(Upper Patuxent River — Chart No. 19.) 





/ // 


/ it 


t 


/ 


Yards. 




1 


38 30 12. 18 


76 40 15. 63 


S 5 2 45 E 

N ^7 20 E 
N 64 34 W 


N 5-' 45 W 
S 37 20 W 
S 64 34 E 


943 
856 
820 


Dwarf. 

Hallowing. 

Indian. 


.- 


38 30 29. 62 


76 40 20. 02 


N 81 39 E 
N 11 47 W 
S 69 19 \v 


S 81 40 w 
S 11 48 E 
N 69 19 E 


641 

736 
667 


Hallowing. 

City. 

Indian. 


3 


38 30 45.02 


76 40 05. 13 


N 6q 42 W 
S .S3 28 W 
S 29 23 E 


S 69 42 E 
N 53 28 E 
N 29 23 W 


581 
1269 

489 


City. 

Indian. 
Hallowing. 


4 


38 30 15. 20 


76 39 56. 94 


N 2 17 E 
N 78.33 W 
S 20 46 E 


S 2 17 W 
S 78 ^ E 
N 20 46 \Y 


580 
1262 

720 


Hallowing. 

Indian. 
Dwarf. 



7o 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md 

BUZZARD ISLAND. 
(Upper Patuxent River — Chart No. 10.) 



Cor- 






True bearing 




ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 
/ // 




Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o / // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 28 55.15 
Then 


76 39 26.67 f N 18 46 E S 18 46 W 1 135 

■ S 81 44 W N 81 44 E 933 

iS 39 30 W N 39 30 E 888 

ce along county boundary as delineated on Chart No. 19 


Buzz. 
Billiard. 
Trent. 
to corner No. 2. 


2 


38 29 34. 74 


76 39 54- 78 


N 15 53 E 
S 76 27 W 
S 6 50 W 


S 15 53 W 
N 76 27 E 
N 6 50 E 


720 

56i 

H79 


Dwarf. 

Sothoron. 

Billiard. 


3 


38 29 43.62 


76 39 49.40 


N 7 58 E 
S 57 50 W 
S 10 13 W 


S 7 58 W 
N 57 5° E 
N 10 13 E 


396 

809 

1792 


Dwarf. 

Sothoron. 

Billiard. 


4 


38 29 02. 08 


76 39 12.63 


S 45 34 W 
S 58 59 E 
N 27 W 


N 45 33 E 
N 58 58 W 
S 27 E 


1312 

643 
844 


Trent. 

Morsel. 

Buzz 



MACKS HOLLOW. 
(Upper Patuxent River — Chart No. ig.) 





O / // 


/ // 


/ 


O / 


Yards. 




I 


30 2S 36.57 


76 39 1 1 . 00 


N 43 5i E 
S 86 34 W 
S 33 48 W 


S 43 51 W 
N 86 34 E 

N 33 47 E 


733 

982 

1088 


Morsel. 

Trent. 

Collins. 


2 


38 28 47. 06 


76 39 18. 24 


S 62 23 W 
S 18 11 W 
N 75 58 E 


N 62 23 E 
N 18 11 E 
S 75 58 W 


890 

1324 

722 


Trent. 

Collins. 

Morsel. 


3 


38 28 49. 60 


76 39 12.42 


S 62 09 w 
S 22 54 W 
N 80 42 E 


N 62 09 E 
N 22 54 E 
S 80 42 W 


1066 

1459 

553 


Trent. 

Collins. 

Morsel. 


4 


38 28 39.34 


76 39 05. 24 


N 39 13 E 
S 82 21 W 
S 37 08 \V 


S 39 13 W 
N 82 21 E 
N 37 07 E 


562 
1 H3 
1255 


Morsel. 

Trent. 

Collins. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



7i 



BROAD NECK (CALVERT COUNTY). 
(Upper Paluxent River — Chart No. ig.) 



C.T 






True bearing 


Distance 


l'. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 

bar 






Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ ff 


1 tt 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 






38 27 4.. 18 
Then 


76 39 00. 00 
ee along count) 


N 26 03 E 
N 42 57 W 
S 54 49 W 
• boundary as de 


S 26 03 w 
S 42 57 E 
N 54 49 E 
lineated on Chai 


848 

1317 

952 

t No. 19 


Sheridan. 
Collins. 
Cremona, 
to corner No. 2. 


2 


38 28 00. 34 


76 39 09. 64 


N 63 40 W 
S 23 40 W 
N 79 34 E 


S 63 41 E 
N 23 40 E 
S 79 34 W 


715 

1304 

639 


Collins. 

Cremona. 

Sheridan. 


3 


38 28 03. 12 


76 38 52.86 


N 78 22 W 
S 36 56 w 
N 83 10 E 


S 78 23 E 
N 36 56 E 
S 83 10 W 


1 109 

1611 

184 


Collins. 

Cremona. 

Sheridan. 


4 


38 27 45. 22 


76 38 51.22 


N 12 36 E 
N 53 47 W 
S 55 56 W 


S 12 36 W 
S 53 48 E 
N 55 56 E 


640 
1400 

1222 


Sheridan. 

Collins. 

Cremona. 



THOMAS (CALVERT COUNTY). 

(Upper Patuxent River — Chart No. ig.) 



38 27 12.58 



76 38 14. 84 



N 61 07 E 
N 25 13 W 
S 49 29 W 



S 61 07 W 
S 25 33 E 
N 49 29 E 



Yards. 
1561 
1914 
1018 



Kin. 

Sheridan. 
Oppkit. 



Thence along county boundary as delineated on Chart No. 19 to corner No. 2. 



2 


38 


27 41. 18 


76 39 00. 00 


N 26 03 E 


S 26 03 w 


848 


Sheridan. 










N 42 57 W 


! S 42 57 E 


1317 


Collins. 










S 54 49 W 


N 54 49 E 


952 


Cremona. 


3 


38 


27 45- 22 


76 38 51. 22 


N 12 36 E 


S 12 36 W 


640 


Sheridan. 










N 53 47 W 


! S 53 48 E 


1400 


Collins. 










S 55 56 W 


N 55 56 E 


1222 


Cremona. 



KITTS MARSH. 
1 1 'pper Paluxent- River — Chart No. ig.) 





( " 


/ /; 


O / 


O / 


Yards. 




1 


38 26 48. 30 


76 37 38. 66 


N 88 44 E 
N 14 31 E 
N 84 48 W 


S 88 44 W 
S 14 31 w 
S 84 49 E 


1652 
1625 
1740 


Battle. 

Kitt. 

Oppkit. 


2 


38 27 33.80 


' 37 50.40 


N 55 33 W 
S 45 55 W 
N 86 56 E 


S 55 33 E 
N 45 55 E 
S 86 57 W 


1786 

1979 

720 


Sheridan. 

Oppkit. 

Kitt. 


3 


38 27 28. 23 


70 37 03-4° 


N 66 47 W 
S 65 59 W 
S 28 42 E 


S 66 48 E 
N 65 58 E 
N 28 42 W 


574 
2921 

1493 


Kitt. 

Oppkit. 

Battle. 


4 


38 27 06. 60 


7" 37 7-58 


N 23 34 W 
S 79 49 w 
S 54 58 E 


S 23 34 E 
N 79 48 -E 
N 54 58 W 


1042 
2598 

IOIO 


Kitt. 

Oppkit. 

Battle. 



72 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

PRISON POINT. 
{Upper Patuxent River — Chart. No. ig.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 


I 


o / // 
38 26 06. 26 


/ a 
76 36 55-93 


•s 

N 
S 


/ 

89 58 E 
19 38 E 
77 55 W 


/ 

N 89 57 W 
S 19 39 W 

N 77 55 E 


Yards. 
2229 
1544 
1749 


Photo. 
Battle. 
Fight. 


2 


38 26 48.30 


76 37 38.66 


N 
N 

N 


88 44 E 
14 31 E 
84 48 W 


S 88 44 W 
S 14 31 W 
S 84 49 E 


1652 
1625 
1740 


Battle. 

Kitt. 

Oppkit. 


3 


38 27 06. 60 


76 37 07.58 


N 
S 
S 


23 34 W 
79 49 W 
54 58 E 


S 23 34 E 
N 79 48 E 
N 54 58 W 


1042 
2598 

IOIO 


Kitt. 

Oppkit. 

Battle. 


4 


38 26 25.18 


76 36 Z2.2>b 


s 

N 

s 


68 15 E 

7 24 W 

66 44 W 


N 68 15 W 
S 7 24 E 
N 66 43 E 


1727 

823 

2542 


Photo. 
Battle. 
Fight. 



JACKS MARSH. 
(Middle Patuxent River — Chart No. ig.) 





O / // 


/ // 


/ 


O ! 


Yards. 




I 


38 25 46.60 


76 36 35- 83 


N 68 42 E 


S 68 43 W 


1820 


Photo. 








N 23 W 


S 23 E 


2116 


Battle. 








N 82 27 W 


S 82 26 E 


2263 


Fight. 


2 


38 26 06. 26 


76 36 55-93 


S 89 58 E 


N 89 57 W 


2229 


Photo. 








N 19 38 E 


S 19 39 w 


1544 


Battle. 








S 77 55 W 


N 77 55 E 


1749 


Fight. 


3 


38 26 25.18 


76 36 32.36 


S 68 15 E 


N 68 15 W 


1727 


Photo. 








N 7 24 W 


S 7 24 E 


823 


Battle. 








S 66 44 W 


N 66 43 E 


2542 


Fight. 


4 


38 26 11.08 


76 36 20. 38 


S 82 43 E 


N 82 43 W 
S 18 10 E 


1297 


Photo. 








N 18 10 W 


1359 


Battle. 








S 78 44 W 


N 78 43 E 


2704 


Fight. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

JACKS BAY. 
(Middle Patuxent River — Chart No. ig.) 



73 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o / // 


t tr 




O / 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 24 44. 96 


76 34 54. 62 


N 

N 
N 


23 28 E 
19 50 W 
87 57 W 


S 23 28 w 
S 19 51 E 
S 87 58 E 


1603 
2912 
2465 


Slim. 

Photo. 

Forr. 


2 


38 25 33.46 


76 36 05. 82 


S 

s 

N- 


20 22 W 
86 17 E 
39 11 E 


N 20 22 E 
N 86 16 W 
S 39 11 W 


1650 

2533 
1425 


Forr. 
Slim. 
Photo. 


3 


38 25 46.40 


76 35 49-42 


S 
S 

N 


26 59 W 
73 59 E 
34 5° E 


N 26 58 E 
N 73 58 W 
S 34 5i W 


2225 

2177 
814 


Forr. 

Slim. 
Photo. 


4 


38 25 04. 79 


76 34 41. 18 


N 
N 
S 


19 22 E 
33 00 W 
78 23 W 


S 19 22 W 
S 33 01 E 
N 78 22 E 


851 
2469 
2879 


Slim. 

Photo. 

Forr. 



PARKERS WHARF. 

(Middle Patuxent Rivera-Chart No. 10.) 





O / // 


/ // 


/ 


O f 


Yards. 




I 


38 24 21. 25 


76 34 00.40 


N 19 24 W 
S 70 07 W 

S 33 17 E 


S 19 25 E 
N 70 06 E 

N 33 17 W 


2407 
2108 

2561 


Slim. 
Cule. 
Hutchins. 


2 


38 24 44.96 


76 34 54- 62 


N 23 28 E 
N 19 50 W 

N 87 57 W 


S 23 28 W 
S 19 51 E 
S 87 58 E 


1603 
2912 

2465 


Slim. 

Photo. 

Forr. 


3 


38 25 04. 79 


76 34 41. 18 


N 19 22 E 
N 33 00 W 
S 78 23 W 


S 19 22 W 
S 33 01 E 
N 78 22 E 


851 
2469 

2879 


Slim. 

Photo. 

Forr. 


4 


38 24 31.32 


76 33 54- 75 


N 26 11 W 
S 63 35 W 

S 26 51 E 


S 26 u E 
N 63 35 E 
N 26 si W 


2152 
2381 

2781 


Slim. 

Cole 

Hutchins. 



74 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

BROOME ISLAND. 
(Middle Patuxent River — Chart No. iq.) 



Cor- 








True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. 8c G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o / // 


1 11 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 24 06. 73 


76 33 44- 00 


N 
S 
S 


24 06 w 
84 38 w 
30 26 E 


S 24 07 E 
N 84 37 E 
N 30 26 W 


3024 
2428 
1916 


Slim. 
Cole. 
Hutchins. 


2 


38 24 21.25 


76 34 00. 40 


N 
S 

s 


19 24 W 
70 07 W 
33 17 E 


S 19 25 E 
N 70 06 E 
N 33 17 W 


2407 
2108 
2561 


Slim. 
Cole. 
Hutchins. 


3 


38 24 31.32 


76 33 54- 75 


N 
S 

s 


26 11 W 
63 35 W 
26 51 E 


S 26 12 E 
N 63 35 E 

N 26 51 W 


2152 
2381 
2781 


Slim. 
Cole. 
Hutchins. 


4 


38 24 43. 90 


76 33 17. 78 


N 

s 
s 


52 01 W 
64 34 W 

5 24 E 


S 52 02 E 
N 64 33 E 

N 5 24 W 


2449 

3447 
2918 


Slim. 
Cole. 
Hutchins. 


5 


38 24 15.43 


76 33 22.44 


N 

s 
s 


36 13 w 

80 06 W 
11 35 E 


S 36 14 E 
N 80 05 E 
N 11 34 W 


3058 
3035 
1985 


Slim. 
Cole. 
Hutchins. 



ISLAND CREEK. 
(Middle Patuxent River — Chart No. 10.) 





/ // 


O 


/ // 


/ 




O / 


Yards. 




I 


38 24 00. 18 


76 


32 37- 18 


N 36 43 E 
N 11 45 W 
S 29 18 W 


s 
s 

N 


36 43 w 
11 46 E 
29 18 E 


1048 
1407 
1640 


Island. 
Sweep. 
Hutchins. 


2 


38 24 21. 82 


76 


32 54-59 


S 8 58 W 
N 84 13 E 
N 15 07 E 


N 

s 
s 


8 58 E 
84 13 VV 
15 07 W 


2192 

1089 

671 


Hutchins. 

Island. 

Sweep. 


3 


38 24 24. 58 


76 


32 49. 20 


S 12 07 W 
N 88 57 E 
N 3 14 E 


N 
S 

s 


12 07 E 

88 58 W 

3 14 W 


2305 
946 

557 


Hutchins. 

Island. 

Sweep. 


4 


38 24 03. 25 


76 


32 31. 28 


N 32 32 E 
N 19 12 W 

S 32 01 w 


s 
s 

N 


32 32 w 
19 12 E 
32 01 E 


874 
1349 
1810 


Island. 
Sweep. 
Hutchins. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

PETERSON (CALVERT COUNTY). 
[Middle Patuxent River — Chart So. ig.) 



75 







True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 






Distance 


U S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




o / II 


/ a 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 22 56.90 


76 30 33- 78 


N 88 53 E 
N 55 05 E 
N 13 16 E 


S 88 54 W 
S 55 05 W 
S 13 16 w 


1920 
1587 
1313 


Lend. 

Sollers. 

Wheat. 


J 


38 23 12. 22 

The 


76 31 1 1. 86 
nee along count 


S 76 36 W 
S 30 W 
N 6,5 25 E 
y boundary as d 


N 76 35 E 
N 30 E 
S 65 24 W 
elineated on Cha 


1669 
1989 
1126 
rt No. 19 


Bars. 
Stock. 
Wheat, 
to corner No. 3. 


3 


38 23 44.44 76 31 50.08 


N 30 01 E 
N 24 27 W 
S 22 47 W 


S 30 01 W 
S 24 27 E 
N 22 47 E 


1818 
1506 
1661 


Peak. 

Island. 
Bars. 


4 


38 24 08.86 76 31 20.50 


S 41 01 E 
N 9 26 E 
N 68 46 W 


N 41 01 W 
S 9 26 W 
S 68 46 E 


1909 

759 
i5'i 


Wheat. 

Peak. 

Island. 


5 


38 24 00.00 76 31 04.40 


N 16 06 \Y 
S 42 29 W 
S 35 52 E 


S 16 06 E 
N 42 29 E 
N 35 52 W 


1093 

2713 
1410 


Peak. 

Bars. 
Wheat. 



MEARS (CALVERT COUNTY). 
(Lower Patuxent River — Chart No. so.) 





/ 


„ 


/ // 


O 1 


d / 


Yards. 






I 


38 22 


IO. 64 


76 29 40. 84 


S 43 10 W 
S 58 24 E 
N 10 28 E 


N 43 10 E 
N 58 24 W 
S 10 28 W 


149 1 
1042 

1 -'5 1 


Briscoe. 
Stump. 
Lend. 




- 


38 22 


13- 4^ 
The, 


76 30 03.46 
ice along count 


N 36 08 E 
S 89 59 W 
S 19 34 w 
y boundary as d 


S 36 09 w 
N 89 59 E 
N 19 34 E 
elineated on Cha 


H03 

1833 

• 1251 

rt No 20 


Lend. 
Stock. 
Briscoe, 
to corner No. 


3- 


3 


38 22 


48.14 


76 30 44. 62 


N 88 53 E 
N 55 05 E 
N 13 16 E 


S 88 54 W 
S 55 05 W 
S 13 16 W 


1920 
1587 
1313 


Lend. 

Sollers. 

Wheat. 




4 


38 2 2 


56.90 


7<5 30 33- 78 


S 78 29 E 
N 58 50 E • 
N 47 E 


N 78 29 W 
S 58 50 W 
S 47 W 


1666 
1 184 

985 


Lend. 

Sollers. 

Wheat. 




5 


38 22 


24. 02 


76 29 34.47 


N 4 17 E 

S 57 42 \\ 
S 35 47 E 


S 4 17 w 
N 37 42 E 
N 35 47 W 


779 
1943 
1229 


Lend. 

Briscoe. 

Stump. 




6 


38 22 


11. 06 


76 29 32.03 


N 19 W 
S 48 42 W 
S 49 25 E 


S 19 E 

N 4S 42 E 
N 49 25 W 


1213 

1668 
862 


Lend. 

Briscoe. 

Stump. 





7 6 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

HELLEN. 
(Loner Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S 
tion Stat 




of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


ion. 


I 


/ // 

38 21 I3.82 

Thei 


/ // 
76 29 19.73 

ice along count 


r 

S 88 22 E 
N 13 27 E 
S 50 43 W 
y boundary as d 


/ 

N 88 21 W 
S 13 27 W 
N 50 43 E 
elineated on Cha 


Yards. 

IOOI 

1409 

1172 
rt No. 20 


Hellen. 
Stump. 
Nat. 
to corner No. 


2. 


2 


38 21 28.78 


76 29 27.51 


S 29 21 W 
S 66 10 E 
N 31 41 E 


N 29 20 E 
N 66 10 W 
S 31 42 W 


1430 
1320 
1017 


Nat. 

Hellen. 

Stump. 




3 


38 21 43.02 


76 29 17. 82 


S 29 02 W 

S 43 09 E 
N 35 43 E 


N 29 01 E 
N 43 09 W 
S 35 43 W 


1975 

1389 

475 


Nat. 

Hellen. 

Stump. 


• 


4 


38 22 IO. 64 


76 29 40. 84 


S 43 10 W 
S 58 24 E 
N 10 28 E 


N 43 10 E 
N" 58 24 W 
S 10 28 W 


149 1 

1042 
1251 


Briscoe. 
Stump. 
Lend. 




5 


38 22 II.06 


76 29 32.03 


N 19 W 
S 48 42 W 
S 49 25 E 


S 19 E 
N 48 42 E 
N 49 25 W 


1213 

1668 

862 


Lend. 

Briscoe. 

Stump. 




6 


38 22 I2.02 


76 29 22.46 


N 12 27 W 
S 53 04 W 
S 34 01 E 


S 12 27 E 
N 53 03 E 
N 34 01 W 


1208 
1886 

7i5 


Lend. 

Briscoe. 

Stump. 




7 


38 21 35.98 


76 28 55. 14 


N 27 35 W 
S 46 20 W 
S 24 08 E 


S 27 35 E 
N 46 19 E 
N 24 08 W 


702 

2158 

850 


Stump. 

Nat. 

Hellen. 




8 


38 21 33.41 


76 29 04. 07 


N 7 05 W 
S 43 19 w 
S 40 19 E 


S 7 05 E 
N 43 19 E 
N 40 18 W 


7H 
1929 

903 


Stump. 

Nat. 

Hellen. 




9 


38 21 16.78 


76 28 52.37 


N 17 26 W 
S 62 44 W 
vS 64 53 E 


S 17 26 E 
N 62 43 E 
N 64 53 W 


I33i 

1838 

303 


Stump. 

Nat. 

Hellen. 





HUNGERFORD HOLLOW. 
(Lower Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 





/ // 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 20 03. 38 


76 28 46. 62 


N 38 28 E 
N 87 57 W 
S 36 39 W 


•S 38 29 w 
S 87 57 E 
N 36 39 E 


1247 

1223 

514 


Ton. 
Mill. 
Bur. 


2 


38 20 05. 82 


76 28 58.74 


N 50 51 E 
S 87 33 W 
S 1 47 E 


S 50 51 W 
N 87 33 E 

N 1 47 W 


1415 
901 

494 


Ton. 
Mill. 
Bur. 


3 


38 20 33. 14 


76 28 48. 62 


S 50 37 W 
S 10 09 w 
S 8S 05 E 


N 50 37 E 
N 10 09 E 
N 88 06 W 


1512 

1438 

829 


Mill. 
Bur. 
Ton. 


4 


38 20 30. 18 


76 28 36.35 


S 60 06 W 
S 23 46 w 
N Si so E 


N 60 05 E 
N 23 46 E 
S 81 50 W 


17^5 

1437 

5°7 


Mill. 
Bur. 
Ton. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 



77 



BARN GATES. 
(I.ouvr Patuxent River — Chart So. 20.) 



Cor 
tier 
of 
bar 



Latitude 



Longitude 



True bearing 



Forward 



■*8 19 }i.8o 76 28 19.14 N 21 38 E S 21 38 W 

N 57 48 W S 57 48 E 
S 37 50 W N 37 50 E 
Thence along county boundary as delineated on Chart No. 20 



Back 



Distance 



U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 
tion station 



Yards. 

775 
1225 

547 



38 19 32.82 76 29 15.02 I S 34 21 W I N 34 21 E 518 

S 67 53 E ! N 67 53 W 1240 

IN 35 55 E 1 S 35 55 W 763 

Thence along county boundary as delineated on Chart No. 20 



38 


19 52' 74 


38 


19 49. 38 • 


38 


19 38. 36 


38 


19 50. 62 


38 


«9 49- 33 


38 


19 44-56 


38 


19 3 6 - 5° 



7" 


29 15. 14 


7" 


29 08. 36 


76 


29 05. 73 


7" 


28 52.41 


7" 


28 27. 26 


76 


28 13. 36 


76 


28 08. 41 



N 49 06 

S 14 48 
S 83 16 

N 51 20 
S 25 27 

N 78 19 

N 24 59 
N 38 51 
S 41 16 

N 83 12 

S 27 12 

N 85 48 

N 85 42 
S 6 42 

N 75 3i 

N 24 30 
N 79 24 
S 29 34 



S 88 20 
N o 05 



W 
W 
E 

W 

w 

E 

E 
W 
W 

W 

E 
E 

\V 
W 

E 

E 
W 
W 

w 

E 
E 



S 49 06 E 

N 14 48 E 
N 83 16 W 

S 51 2t E 
N 25 27 E 
S 78 19 W 

S 24 59 W 
S 38 51 E 
N 41 15 E 

S 83 12 E 
N 27 12 W 
S 85 48 W 

S 85 42 E 
N 6 4I E 
S 75 32 W 

S 24 30 w 
S 79 25 E 
N 29 34 E 

N 62 02 E 
N 88 20 \V 
S o 05 W 



614 

"37 

454 

826 
1093 

277 

476 
1 140 



154 
1 198 

"73 

823 

io^o 

516 

319 

121 1 

992 

938 
743 
562 



New. 

Bur. 
' Town, 
to corner No. 2. 

Cable. 
Town. 
Bur. 
to corner No. 3. 

Mill. 

Cable. 

Bur. 

Mill. 

Cable. 

Bur. 

Bur. 
Mill. 
Cable. 

Bur. 

Town. 
New. 

Bur. 
Town. 

New. 

New. 
Bur. 
Town. 

M. E. Church. 
Catholic Church Cross. 
New. 



78 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

BACK OF ISLAND. 
(Lower Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 



Cor- 








True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ // 


or // 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 18 37.46 


76 27 22. 28 


N 
N 


2 47 E 
14 20 W 


S 2 47 W 
S 14 20 E 


733 
1 60 1 


Sand. 

M. E. Church. 








S 


57 21 W 


N 57 21 E 


1309 


Ben. 


2 


38 19 14.98 


76 27 45. 78 


S 

N 
N 


51 03 E 
38 36 E 
11 22 E 


N 51 03 W 
S 38 36 w 
S 11 22 W 


849 
365 
718 


Sand. 

M. E. Church. 

Catholic Church Cross. 


3 


38 19 31.80 


76 28 19. 14 


N 
N 
S 


21 38 E 

57 48 W 
37 5° W 


S 21 38 W 
S 57 48 E 
N 37 50 E 


775 
1225 

547 


New. 
Bur. 
Town. 


4 


38 19 36.50 


76 28 08. 41 


s 
s 


62 03 W 
88 20 E 


N 62 02 E 
N 88 20 W 


938 
743 


M. E. Church. 
Catholic Church Cross. 








N 


05 E 


S 05 w 


562 


New. 


5 


38 19 17.36 


76 27 40. 64 


s 

N 

N 


40 27 E 

23 59 E 

87 42 W 


W 40 27 w 
S 23 59 W 
S 87 42 E 


807 

224 

1359 


Sand. 

M. E. Church. 

Town. 


6 


38 18 43.78 


76 27 17.52 


N 
N 
S 


9 56 W 

58 57 W 
53 12 W 


S 9 56 E 
S 58 58 E 
N 53 11 E 


526 
2302 
1534 


Sand. 
Town. 
Ben. 



SHELL PILE. 
(Lower Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 



I 


/ n 
38 19 14. IO 


/ // 

76 27 16. 86 


/ 

N 44 23 E 
N 59 44 W 
S 3 19 W 


/ 
S 44 24 w 
S 59 44 E 
N 3 19 E 


Yards. 

479 
626 
156 


Fishstack. 
M. E. Church. 
K. of P. Flagstaff. 


2 


38 19 15.60 


76 27 18.42 


N 52 15 E 
N 62 03 W 
S 8 56 E 


S 52 15 w 
S 62 03 E 
N 8 56 W 


475 
564 
209 


Fishstack. 
M. E. Church. 
K. of P. Flagstaff. 


3 


38 19 21. 22 


76 27 09. 38 


N 53 11 E 
N 84 11 W 
S 27 40 W 


S 53 11 W 
S 84 12 E 

N 27 40 E 


169 

743 
447 


Fishstack. 

M. E. Church. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. ' - 


4 


38 19 19.90 


76 27 07.84 


N 33 01 E 
N 81 16 W 
S 35 12 W 


S 33 01 w 
S 81 16 E 
N 35 12 E 


175 
789 
43i 


Fishstack. 
M. E. Church. 
K. of P. Flagstaff. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

CHERRY TREE. 
(Lower Patuxeni River — Chart No. 20.) 



79 



Cor- 








True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 

bai 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




Of It 


/ ft 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 19 01. 06 


76 27 05.07 


N 
N 
S 


1 34 E 
48 40 W 
81 22 W 


S 1 34 W 
S 48 40 E 
N 81 21 E 


782 
430 
426 


Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 

Sand. 


2 


38 19 09.49 


76 27 OI.33 


N 
N 
S 


8 54 W 
89 55 W 
56 14 W 


S 8 54 E 
S 89 55 E 
N 56 13 E 


503 
422 
627 


Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 

Sand. 


3 


38 19 16. 62 


76 27 07. 84 


N 
N 
S 


20 18 E 
73 33 W 
45 53 W 


S 20 18 W 
S 73 34 E 
N 45 53 E 


273 
814 

347 


Fishstack. 
M. E. Church. 
K. of P. Flagstaff. 


4 


38 19 19. 66 


76 27 06.41 


N 
N 


20 17 E 
81 08 W 


S 20 17 W 
S 81 08 E 


165 
828 


Fishstack. 
M. E. Church. 








S 


39 5° W 


N 39 50 E 


447 


K. of P. Flagstaff. 


5 


38 19 07.48 


76 26 50. 48 


N 
N 

S 


32 56 W 
84 36 W 
7° 53 W 


S 32 56 E 

S 84 36 E 
N 70 52 E 


674 

713 
856 


Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 

Sand. 


6 


38 19 03.43 


76 26 59.69 


N 
N 
S 


9 49 W 
66 21 W 

75 42 VV 


S 9 49 E 
S 66 21 E 

N 75 4i E 


712 
507 
583 


Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 

Sand. 



8o 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

SWASH. 
{Lower Paluxenl River — Chart No. 20.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ // 


1 11 




/ 


1 


Yards. 




I 


38 19 14.46 


76 26 42. 80 


N 
N 
S 


22 31 E 
59 57 W 
63 01 W 


S 22 31 W 

S 59 57 E 
N 63 01 E 


492 

658 
"34 


Bon. 

Fishstack. 

Sand. 


2 


38 19 18.38 


76 26 46. 80 


N 
N 
S 


42 30 E 

66 34 W 
54 27 W 


S 42 30 W 
S 66 35 E 
N 54 27 E 


435 

5°5 

1114 


Bon. 

Fishstack. 

Sand. 


3 


38 19 16. 23 


76 26 5O.63 


N 
N 
S 


45 14 E 

53 55 W 

54 27 W . 


S 45 14 W 
S 53 55 E 
N 54 26 E 


558 
458 
990 


Bon. 

Fishstack. 

Sand. 


4 


38 19 19. 66 


76 26 53.64 


N 
N 
S 


59 43 E 
61 18 W 
61 14 W 


S 59 43 W 
S 61 18 E 
N 61 14 E 


55i 
322 

7H 


Bon. 

Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 


5 


38 19 20. 62 


76 26 46. 83 


N 
N 
S 


50 13 E 
75 14 W 
65 01 W 


S 50 13 W 
S 75 14 E 
N 65 01 E 


383 
479 
890 


Bon. 

Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 


6 


38 19 24. 62 


76 26 40. 42 


N 
S 
S 


48 24E 
88 50 W 
62 24 W 


S 48 24 W 
N 88 50 E 
N 62 24 E 


166 

633 
1 102 


Bon. 

Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 


7 


38 19 15.46 


76 26 35.24 


N 
N 
N 


77 13 E 

1 47 W 

69 00 W 


S 77 13 w 
S 1 47 E 
S 69 00 E 


1500 
42b 
826 


Bareda House Cupola. 

Bon. 

Fishstack. 



SANDY POINT LUMPS. 
(Lower Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 





Of 11 


/ // 


/ 




t 


Yards. 




I 


38 18 32.95 


76 26 56.30 


N 65 07 E 
N 6 58 W 
N 36 32 W 


S 
S 
S 


65 08 w 

6 58 E 

36 32 E 


2935 
1742 
1 100 


Drum Point Light. 

Fishstack. 

Sand. 


2 


38 19 01.06 


76 27 05.07 


N 1 34 E 
N 48 40 W 
S 81 22 W 


S 
S 

N 


1 34 W 
48 40 E 
81 21 E 


782 
430 
426 


Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 

Sand. 


3 


38 19 03.43 


76 26 59. 69 


N 9 49 W 
N 66 21 W 
S 75 42 w 


S 
S 

N 


9 49 E 
66 21 E 
75 4i E 


712 
507 
583 


Fishstack. 

K. of P. Flagstaff. 

Sand. 


4 


38 18 38.82 


76 26 36. 60 


N 64 08 E 
N 25 38 W 
N 59 48 W 


S 

s 
s 


64 09 W 
25 38 E 
59 48 E 


2377 
1698 

1363 


Drum Point Light. 

Fishstack. 

Sand. 



Survey of ( Oyster Bats, Calvert C ounty, Mil. 

SOUTHEAST MIDDLE-GROUND. 
(Lowe) Paiuxent Rivet Chart No. so.) 



8 1 



Cor- 
ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True bearing 


1 listance 
"i 'a rds . 


U S C. & O S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tiuu station 




or n 


/ 11 




/ 




/ 




1 


38 18 36.88 


76 26 17. 61 


N 
N 
N 


56 OI E 
15 38 W 

65 56 w 


S 
S 
S 


56 01 W 

15 38 E 

65 57 E 


1972 
1787 
1843 


Drum J'niiit Light. 

Bon. 

Sand. 


2 


38 18 54- 83 


76 26 44. 86 


N 
N 
N 


78 06 E 

12 16 E 
81 20 W 


S 
S 
S 


78 07 \Y 
12 16 W 
81 21 E 


2410 

1141 

970 


Drum Point Light. 
Bon. 

Sand. 


3 


38 19 03. 18 


76 26 40. 68 


N 
N 
S 


84 31 E 

8 58 E 

83 53 W 


S 

s 

N 


84 32 W 

8 58 W 

83 53 E 


2258 

845 
1076 


Drum Point Lighl 

Bon. 

Sand. 


4 


38 18 59.63 


76 26 25. 20 


N 
N 
S 


79 39 E 
16 21 W 
89 23 W 


s 

S 

N 


79 39 W 

16 21 E 
89 23 E 


1867 

993 

148 1 


Drum Point Light. 

Bon. 

Sand. 


5 


38 19 07. 06 


76 26 07. 32 


N 

N 

N 


86 27 E 
49 33 E 
47 °3 W 


S 
S 

s 


86 27 \V 
49 3i W 
47 03 E 


1365 

948 

103 1 


Drum Point Light. 
Bareda House Cupola. 
Bon. 


6 


38 19 15.48 


76 26 06. 76 


S 

N 
N 


81 35 E 
64 53 E 
61 27 W 


N 

s 
s 


81 34 W 

64 53 W 
61 27 E 


1362 
781 
876 


Drum Point Light. 
Bareda House Cupula. 
Bon. 


7 


38 19 14.40 


76 26 14. 82 


S 

N 
N 


84 03 E 
67 52 E 
50 40 W 


N 
S 
S 


84 02 W 
67 52 W 
50 40 E 


i5 6 9 
994 

7,8 


Drum Point Light. 
Bareda House Cupola. 
Bon. 


8 


38 19 14.76 


76 26 22. iS 


S 

N 

N 


84 19 E 
7i 57 E 
39 °5 W 


N 
S 
S 


84 20 W 
7i 57 W 
39 ° 6 E 


1765 
1175 

57i 


Drum Point Light. 
Bareda House Cupola. 
Bon. 


9 


38 19 23.38 


76 26 16.02 


S 

N 
N 


73 42 E 
86 06 E 
73 46 W 


N 
S 

s 


73 42 W 
86 06 W 

73 46 E 


1659 

954 
546 


Drum Point Light. 
Bareda House Cupola. 
Bon. 


IO 


38 19 23.77 


76 25 52. 60 


S 

N 
N 


63 44 E 
81 05 E 
83 05 W 


N 
S 

s 


63 44 W 
81 o=j \Y 
83 06 E 


1083 

335 

n 54 


Drum Point Light. 
Bareda House Cupola. 
Bon. 


i i 


38 18 40. 96 


76 25 49. 2 1 


S 

N 
N 


5 7 34 K 

42 23 E 
9 08 E 


X 

s 
s 


5 7 33 W 

42 23 w 

9 08 \Y 


1547 
1306 
1516 


Carroll 2. 

Drum Point Light. 

Bareda House Cupola. 



20908 — 10- 



82 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

LIGHT HOUSE LUMP. 
(Lower Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 



Cor- 








True bearing 








Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


TJ. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




/ // 


/ // 




/ 


r 


Yards. 




I 


38 18 50.42 


76 25 42. 82 


s 

N 

N 


44 41 E 

47 44 E 

3 27 E 


N 44 40 W 
S 47 45 W 
S 3 27 W 


1616 
960 

1179 


Carroll 2. 

Drum Point Light. 

Bareda House Cupola 


2 


38 19 OO. OO 


76 25 36. 78 


S 
N 
N 


33 32 E 

59 36 E 

5 59 W 


N 33 32 W 
S 59 36 W 
S 5 59 E 


1766 
638 
858 


Carroll 2. 

Drum Point Light. 

Bareda House Cupola. 


3 


38 19 OO. OO 


76 25 21.67 


S 

N 
N 


21 19 E 
24 45 E 
29 54 W 


N 21 19 W 
S 24 45 W 
S 29 55 E 


1580 

355 
984 


Carroll 2. 

Drum Point Light. 

Bareda House Cupola. 


4 


38 18 50. 60 


76 25 15.98 


S 

N 
N 


20 07 E 

13 W 

28 45 W 


N 20 07 W 
S 13 E 
S 28 45 E 


1230 

640 

1335 


Carroll 2. 

Drum Point Light. 

Bareda House Cupola. 



OLD LUMP. 
{Entrance Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 



I 


of tt 
38 18 58.36 


/ 
76 25 


it 

10. OO 


/ 

S 10 34 E 
S 67 54 E 
N 23 46 W 


/ 

N 10 34 W 
■N 67 53 W 
S 23 46 E 


Yards. 

144,1 

2014 

411 


Carroll 2. 

Hog 2. 

Drum Point Light. 


2 


38 19 09.57 


76 25 


16. 07 


S 60 45 E 
S 13 21 E 

S 8358W 


N 60 44 W 
N 13 20 W 
N 83 57 E 


2324 
1844 
3335 


Hog 2. 
Carroll 2. 
Sand. 


3 


38 19 IO.57 


76 25 


02. 48 


S 84 40 W 
S 2 01 E 
S 54 56 E 


N 84 39 E 
N 2 01 W 
N 54 56 W 


363 
1830 
2036 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 



CARROLL MUDS (CALVERT COUNTY). 
(Entrance Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 





/ // 


Of It 


C / 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 18 45.42 


76 25 04. 36 


S 6 40 E 
S 79 23 E 
N 20 54 W 


N 6 40 W 
N 79 23 W 
S 20 55 E 


988 

1746 

874 


Carroll 2. 

Hog 2. 

Drum Point Light. 


2 


38 18 52.28 


76 25 O4.3O 


S 5 19 E 

S 72 08 E 

• N 27 23 W 


N 5 19 W 
N 72 08 W 
S 27 23 E 


1220 

1802 

656 


Carroll 2. 

Hog 2. 

Drum Point Light. 


3 


38 19 07.56 


76 24 2I.O7 


N 87 21 W 
S 30 57 W 
S 27 56 E 


S 87 2t E 
N 30 57 E 
N 27 56 W 


1462 
2013 
1210 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 


4 


38 19 03.80 
Them 


76 24 17. 62 

e along county 


N 82 51 W 
S 35 10 W 
S 26 46 E 
boundary as del 


S 82 52 E 
N 35 09 E 
N 26 46 W 
neated on Chart 


I5 6 5 
1958 
1054 
No. 20 to 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 
corner No. 1. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

SIMMONS. 
{Entrance Patuxeni River ■< hart Xo. 20.) 



83 



Cor- 








True bearing 










Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 
tion station 




of 
bar 


Forward 


Hack 






/ 11 


/ // 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 






I 


38 19 29.40 


76 24 22. 40 


s 
s 
s 


64 52 w 

22 06 W 

18 27 E 


N 64 52 E 
N 22 06 E 
N 18 26 W 


1575 
- 6 59 
1903 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 




- 


38 19 36.67 


76 24 29. 70 


s 
s 
s 


53 ^6 W 
16 35 W 
21 13 E 


N 53 25 E 
N 16 34 E 
N 21 13 W 


1534 
2826 
2199 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 




3 


38 19 43.80 


76 24 15.42 


s 
s 
s 


54 19 W 

21 S4 W 
to 18 E 


N 54 19 E 
N 21 54 E 
N 10 18 W 


1984 
3179 
.2327 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 




4 


38 19 36.56 


76 24 08. 78 


s 
s 
s 


63 01 W 

26 44 W 

6 41 E 


N6iooE 
N 26 43 E 
N 6 40 W 


2006 

3036 
2060 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 





CHINESE MUDS (CALVERT COUNTY). 
(Entrance Patuxeni River — Chart No. 20.) 





O 


r tt 


O / // 


O r 


f 


Yards. 






38 


19 17. 14 


76 23 47.02 


S 83 51 w 
S 13 40 w 

S 45 24 E 


N 83 50 E 
N 13 40 E 

N 45 -'3 W 


2380 
H32 
3820 


Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 

Cedar Point Light. 


' 


38 


19 47.84 


7° 23 39-57 


S 63 17 W 

S 12 28 w 
S 34 15 E 


N 63 16 E 

N 12 27 E 
N 34 14 W 


2863 
2485 
4479 


Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 

Cedar Point Light. 


3 


38 


20 39. 76 


76 23 17. 16 


N 1 58 E 
S 46 06 W 

S .925E 


S 1 58 W 
N 46 04 E 
N 19 25 \V 


2035 
4384 
579^ 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Cedar Point Light. 


4 


38 


21 01. 14 


76 22 41. 20 


N 33 59 W 
S 47 34 W 
S 8 55 E 


S 14 00 E 
N 47 32 E 
N 8 55 W 


1584 
5574 
6259 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Cedar Point Light. 


5 


38 


20 46. 06 


76 22 13. 08 


N 41 S5 W 
S 56 13 w 
S 2 is E 


S 41 56 E 
N 56 11 E 

N 2 15 W 


2449 
5849 
5679 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Cedar Point Light. 


• 6 


38 


19 37-58 

Then 


76 2! 34. 27 

:e along count} 


N 32 48 W 
S 80 55 W 
S 13 30 w 
boundary as de 


S 32 49 E 

N 80 52 E 
N 13 30 E 
lineated on Chai 


4915 

5968 

3461 

t No. 20 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 
Cedar Point Light, 
to corner No. 1. 



84 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

PARKER MOORE. 
(Entrance Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 



Cor- 


• 








True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


I 


ongitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


tion station 




O ! II 





1 !> 




/ 


/ 


Yards. 




1 


38 19 47-84 


76 


-3 39-57 


vS 

s 
s 


63 17 w 

12 28 w 

34 15 E 


N 63 16 E 
N 12 27 E 
N 34 >4 W 


2863 
2485 
4479' 


Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 

Cedar Point Light. 


2 


38 20 51. 48 


76 


23 50. 23 


s 
s 
s 


33 34 W 
3 10 W 

25 35 E 


N 33 33 E 
N 3 10 E 
N 25 34 W 


4124 

4579 
6494 


Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 

Cedar Point Light. 


3 


38 20 59. 42 


76 


23 38. 88 


X 

s 
s 


25 14 E 

34 53 W 

6 32 \Y 


S 25 14 \V 

N 34 53 E 
N 6 32 E 


15 16 

4515 
4872 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 


4 


38 20 39. 76 


76 


23 17.16 


N 

s 
s 


1 58 E 
46 06 W 
19 25 E 


S 1 58 W 
N 46 04 E 
N 19 25 W 


2035 
4384 
5792 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Cedar Point Light. 



UNDER THE CLIFFS. 
(Entrance Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 








/ // 


Of II 




/ 




O / 


Yards. 




I 


38 


20 1 1. 66 


76 24 25.40 


s 
s 
s 


32 44 W 
13 19 W 
11 55 E 


N 
N 
N 


32 44 E 
13 19 E 
11 55 w 


2489 
3996 
3300 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 


2 


38 


20 13. 9.8' 


76 24 29. 06 


s 
s 
s 


29 54 W 
11 44 W 

13 15 E 


N 
N 
N 


29 54 E 
11 44 E 
13 15 ^ 


2505 
4061 

3399 


Drum Point Light. 
Carroll 2. 
Hog 2. 


3 


3S 


20 53. 46 


76 23 53.58 


N 

s 
s 


i2 02 W 

2 01 W 

26 02 E 


S 

N 
N 


32 02 E 

2 01 E 

26 01 W 


4133 
4642 

6593 


Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 

Cedar Point Light. 


4 


38 


20 51.48 


76 23 50. 23 


s 
s 
s 


33 34 W 

3 10 W 

25 35 E 


N 
N 

N 


33 33 E 
3 10 E 

25 34 W 

4 


4124 
4579 
6494 


Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 

Cedar Point Light. 



Survey of < )ysh r Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

LITTLE COVE POINT. 
{Entrance Paluxent River —Chart No. 20.) 



85 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True h 
Forward 


earing 


Distance 

Yards. 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangula- 


of 

bar 


Back 


tioii station 







/ " 


/ // 


/ 


/ 




I 


38 


20 39. 76 


76 23 17. 16 


N 
S 
S 


1 58 E 
46 06 W 
19 25 E 


S 1 58 w 
N 46 04 E 

N 19 25 W 


2035 
4384 
5792 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 
Cedar Point Light. 




38 


20 59. 42 


76 23 38.88 


N 
S 

s 


25 14 E 

34 53 W 

6 32 W 


S 25 14 w 
N 34 53 E 
N 6 32 E 


1516 

4515 
4872 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 


3 


38 


21 20.38 


76 23 16.98 


N 
S 

s 


5 34 E 
35 39 W 
11 35 W 


S 5 34 W 
N 35 38 E 
N 11 34 E 


667 
5428 
5663 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Hog 2. 


4 


38 


21 01.14 


76 2 2 41. 20 


N 
S 

s 


33 59 W 

47 34 W 

8 55 E 


S 34 00 E 

N 47 32 E 
N 8 55 W 


1584 
5574 
6259 


Pat. 

Drum Point Light. 

Cedar Point Light. 



COVE POINT BIGHT. 
{Entrance Patuxent River — Chart No. 20.) 





O / 


" 





/ a 




/ 




/ 


Yards. 






I 


38 21 


26. 06 


7f> 


22 07.02 


N 
N 
S 


20 1 1 w 

76 09 \v 
30 E 


S 
S 
N 


20 12 E 

76 10 E 

30 W 


3715 
1846 

7055 


Cove Point Light. 

Pat. 

Cedar Point Light. 




2 


38 22 


20. 98 


7^ 


23 o.v u 


N 
N 


7 °3 E 
62 59 W 


S 
S 


7 °3 W 
62 59 E 


1682 
934 


Cove Point Light. 
White House (N. 
ehimnev). 


E. 












S 


12 26 W 


N 


12 26 E 


1412 


Pat. 




3 


38 22 


30. 2 1 


76 


22 47. 66 


N 

N 

S 


8 32 W 
84 48 W 

^ 53 W 


S 

s 

N 


8 32 E 
84 49 E 

22 53 E 


1369 

1247 

1835 


Cove Point Light. 
White House (N. 

chimney). 
Pat. 


E. 


4 


38 21 


34 4° 


76 


21 56. 12 


N 
N 
S 


25 54 W 

84 44 W 
1 47 W 


S 

s 

N 


25 54 E 

84 45 E 

1 47 E 


3598 
2091 

73C9 


Cove Point Light. 

Pat. 

Cedar Point Light. 





APPENDIXEvS 



Appendix A.— LAWS RELATING TO THE COOPERATION OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC 
SURVEY AND BUREAU OF FISHERIES WITH THE MARYLAND SHELL FISH COM- 
MISSION. 

The work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries, in cooperation with 
the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, in surveying the. oyster bars, establishing permanent landmarks 
at triangulation stations, and preparing for publication the necessary charts and technical and legal 
descriptions of boundaries and landmarks shown on these charts, has been executed in compliance with 
a request from the governor of the State of Maryland to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and by 
the authority of the following laws of the Linked States and Maryland: 

[Act of Congress approved May 26. 1906.] 

AN ACT To authorize the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to cooperate, through the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey and the Bureau of Fisheries, with the shellfish commissioners of the State of Maryland in making surveys 
of the natural oyster beds. bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House oj Representative i of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed, 
upon the request of the governor of the State of Maryland, to designate such officers, experts, and 
employees of the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries as may be 
necessary to cooperate with the Maryland State board of shellfish commissioners in making a survey 
of and locating the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland; 
and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor is hereby authorized and directed to furnish to the officers, 
experts, and employees of said Bureaus so detailed as aforesaid such instruments, appliances, and 
steam launches as may be necessary to make the survey aforesaid; and the Secretary of Commerce 
and Labor is hereby authorized to have made in the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey all the 
plats necessarv to show the results of the aforesaid survey and the locations of the said natural oyster 
beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland, and to furnish to the board of shell- 
fish commissioners of the State of Maryland such copies as may be necessary, and for this purpose to 
employ, in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, such technically qualified persons as may be neces- 
sarv to carry out the purpose of this act. 

Sec. 2. That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor is hereby further authorized to have erected 
or constructed by the officers so detailed as aforesaid, while making such survey, such structures as 
may be necessary to mark the points of triangulation, so that the same may be used for such future 
work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter required to perform in 
prosecuting the Government coast survey of the navigable waters of the United States located within 
the State of Maryland. 

Sec. 4. That this act shall take effect from the date of its passage. 



(Act of Congress approved June .so. 1 906.] 

AN" ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 

nineteen hundred and seven, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senatt and House oj Representatva , of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seven, namely : * * * 

87 



88 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including the 
expenditures authorized under Public Act Numbered One hundred and eighty-one, approved May 
twenty-sixth, nineteen hundred and six, and contingent expenses incident thereto, five thousand dollars, 
together with the unexpended balance under this appropriation for nineteen hundred and six and 
prior years which is hereby reappropriated and made available on this account for the fiscal year 
nineteen hundred and seven. * * * 



[Act of Congress approved March 4, 1907.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 

nineteen hundred and eight, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight, namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid cf the shellfish commission of the State of Maryland, to be immediately available 
and to continue available until expended, twenty-five thousand dollars. * * * 



[Act of Congress approved May 27, 1908.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 

nineteen hundred and nine, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nine, namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Maryland, which expenses, including cost 
of plats and charts, shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars in any one year, to be immediately avail- 
able, twenty thousand dollars. 



[Act of Congress approved March 4, 1909.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 

nineteen hundred and ten, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by tlie Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and ten, namely : * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey : * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Maryland, which expenses, including cost 
of plats and charts, shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars in any one year, to be immediately avail- 
able, twenty thousand dollars. 



[Act of the legislature of Maryland approved April 2, 1906.] 

AN ACT To establish and promote the industry of oyster culture in Maryland, to define and mark natural oyster beds, 
bars and rocks lying under the waters of this State, to prescribe penalties for the infringement of the provisions of 
this Act, and * * * 

Section i. Be it enacted by tlie General Assembly of Maryland, That the following sections be, and 
they are hereby, added to Article 72 of the Code of Public General Laws, title "Oysters." * * * 

Sec. 86. The Board of Shell Fish Commissioners shall, as soon as practicable after the passage of 
this Act, cause to be made a true and accurate survey of the natural oyster beds, bars and rocks of 
this State, said survey to be made with reference to fixed and permanent objects on the shore, giving 
courses and distances, to be fully described and set out in a written report of said survey, as hereinafter 
required. A true and accurate delineation of the same shall be made on copies of published maps and 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 89 

charts of the United States coast and geodetic survey, which said copies shall be filed in the office of 
the said commissioners in the city of Annapolis, and the said commissioners shall further cause to be 
delineated upon copies of the published maps and charts of the United States coast and geodetic 
survey, of the largest scale, one copy for each of the counties of this State in the waters of which there 
are natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, all natural beds, bars and rocks lying within the waters of 
such county, which maps shall be filed in the offices of the clerks of the Circuit Court for the respective 
counties wherein the grounds so designated may lie. * * * 

Sec. 87. The Governor of this State is hereby requested to ask the assistance of the United States 
coast and geodetic survey, and of the United States Fish Commissioner, to aid in the carrying out of 
the provisions of the preceding section. 

******* 

Sec. 89. As soon as practicable after the first day of April, 1906, the said commissioners shall 
organize, and shall at once proceed, with the assistance of such person or persons as may be detailed by 
the United States coast and geodetic survey, and the United States Fish Commissioner, to aid them 
in their work, and of such persons as may be appointed under the preceding section, to have laid out, 
surveyed and designated on the said charts, the natural beds and bars, and shall cause to be marked 
and defined as accurately as practicable, the limits and boundaries of the natural beds, bars and rocks, 
as established by said survey, and they shall take true and accurate notes of said survey in writing, 
and make an accurate report of said survey, setting forth such a description of landmarks as may be 
necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to find and ascertain the boundary lines of the 
said natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, as shown by a delineation on the maps and charts provided 
in this Act; said report shall be completed and filed in the office of the board in the city of Annapolis 
within ninety days after the completion of the survey of any county. Said commissioners shall cause 
the same to be published in pamphlet form, and transmit copies of the same to the clerks of the Circuit 
Court for the respective counties, where the charts have been filed or directed to be filed as hereinafter 
provided; the said report to be filed by the clerks of the several counties in a book kept for that purpose. 
And the said survey and report, when filed, subject to the right of appeal hereafter provided for in this 
Act, shall be taken in all of the courts of this State as conclusive evidence of the boundaries and limits 
of all natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, lying within the waters of the county wherein such survey 
and report are filed, and shall be construed to mean in all of the said courts that there are no natural 
oyster beds, bars or rocks lying within the waters of the counties wherein such report and survey are 
filed other than those embraced in the survey authorized by this Act, and that all areas of the Chesa- 
peake Bay and its tributaries within the State of Maryland, not shown in the survey to be natural 
oyster beds, bars or rocks shall be construed in all the courts of the State to be barren bottoms, and 
open for disposal by the State for the purpose of private planting or propagation of oysters thereon 
under the provisions of this Act; provided, that the said survey and report shall not be construed as 
to affect in any manner the holdings by citizens of this State in any lot which may have been appro- 
priated or taken up under the laws of this State prior to the approval of this Act 



The law of the State of Maryland, passed March 9, 1842, authorizing officers of the United States 
Coast and Geodetic Survey to enter upon the lands within the State limits for the purposes of the 
Survey, is as follows: 

AN ACT Concerning the Survey of the Coast of Maryland. 

Section \. Be it enacted by the General Assembly oj Maryland, That it shall and may be lawful for 
any person or persons employed under and by virtue of an act of the Congress of the United States, 
* * * at any time hereafter to enter upon lands within this State for the purpose of exploring, sur- 
veying, triangulating, or levelling, or doing any other matter or thing which may be necessary to effect 
the objects of said act, and to erect any works, stations, buildings, or appendages requisite for that 
purpose, doing no unnecessary injury to private or other property. 

SEC. 2. a And be it enacted, That in case the person or persons employed under the act of Congress 
aforesaid, can not agree with the owners or possessors of the land so entered upon and used as to the 

a Under the rulings of the Comptroller of the Treasury no damages can be collected except through the United 
States Court of Claims unless an agreement has been made in advance. 



90 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

amount of damage done thereto by reason of the removal of fences, cutting of trees or injury to the 
crop or crops growing on the same, it shall and may be lawful for the said parties or either of them to 
apply to the chief justice for the time being or one of the associate judges of the judicial district in 
which such land may be situated, who shall thereupon appoint three disinterested and judicious free- 
holders, residents of the same judicial district, to proceed with as much despatch as possible to the 
examination of the matter in question, and the faithful assessment of the damages sustained by the 
owners, or possessors aforesaid, and 'the said freeholders or a majority of them, having first taken and 
subscribed an oath or affirmation before the chief or associate justice aforesaid or other person duly 
authorized to administer the same, that they will well and truly examine and assess as aforesaid, and 
having given five days' notice to both parties of the time of their meeting, shall proceed to the spot, 
and then and there upon their own view and if required, upon the evidence of witnesses, (to be by them 
sworn or affirmed and examined) shall assess the said damages, and shall afterward make report thereof 
and of their proceedings in writing under their hands and seals and file the same within five days there- 
after in the office of the clerk of the county in which the land aforesaid is situated, subject to an appeal 
by either party to the county court of the said county within ten days after filing as aforesaid, and the 
said report so made as aforesaid if no appeal as aforesaid be taken, shall be held to be final and con- 
clusive as between the said parties, and the amount so assessed and reported shall be paid to the said 
owners or possessors of the land so damaged within twenty days after the filing of said report, and 
the said chief or associate justice as aforesaid, shall have authority to tax and allow upon the filing 
of said report, such costs, fees and expenses to the said freeholders for the performance of their duty 
as he shall think equitable and just, which allowance shall be paid by the person or persons employed 
under the act of congress aforesaid, within the time last above limited, but if an appeal as aforesaid 
be taken, the case shall be set down for hearing at the first term of county court aforesaid, ensuing 
upon and after appeal, and it shall be lawful for either party immediately after the entry of such appeal, 
to take out summons for such witnesses as may be necessary to be examined upon the hearing afore- 
said, and the said court shall have power in its discretion to award costs against which ever the final 
judgment shall be entered, and such appeal at the option of either party may and shall be heard before 
and the damage assessed by a jury of twelve men to be taken from the regular panel and elected as in 
other cases. 

Sec. 3. And be it enacted, That if any person or persons shall wilfully injure or deface or remove 
any signal, monument or building or any appendage thereto, erected, used or constructed under and 
by virtue of the act of congress aforesaid, such person or persons so offending shall severally forfeit 
and pay the sum of fifty dollars with costs of suit to be sued for and recovered by any person who shall 
first prosecute the same before any justice of the peace of the county where the person so offending 
may reside, and shall also be liable to pay the amount of damages thereby sustained, to be recovered 
with costs of suit in an action on the case, in the name and for the use of the United States of America, 
in any court of competent jurisdiction. 



Appendix B— THE HAMAN OYSTER CULTURE LAW. 

[Extract from Second Report of Shell Fish Commission.] 
OBJECT. 

"The legislature in placing chapter 711 of the acts of 1906, better known as the Haman Oyster 
Culture Law, upon the statute books of Maryland had a twofold object in view : 

1. To encourage an industry in oyster culture upon the barren bottoms beneath the tidewaters of 
the State. 

2. To prevent the leasing of natural oyster bars for the purpose of oyster culture." 



" To make the leasing of barren bottoms possible and the leasing of natural bars impossible, pro- 
vision was made for a survey of the natural bars for the purpose of accurately locating and marking 
the same. It was definitely provided that no barren bottoms should be leased in any part of the State 
until the natural bars of that region had been surveyed, charted, and marked with buoys." 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 91 

Definition of a Natural Oyster Bar. 

natural bar not defined. 

"The Shell Fish Commission is instructed by section 90 of the Haman Oyster Culture Law to exer- 
cise its judgment liberally in favor of the natural bars when surveying, charting and buoying them, but 
other than this the Commission is uninstructed in this important matter. The responsibility of defining 
a natural bar is placed upon the Commission." 

DIVERSITY OF OPINION. 

" No definition of a natural oyster bar could be formulated by any man or body of men which would 
meet with the approval of all parties concerned. Oystermen, as a rule, hold that all bottoms where 
oysters grow or have grown naturally even though now practically barren of oysters should be considered 
natural bars. Other citizens of the State who are not directly interested in the oyster business, but 
interested in the oyster industry from the standpoint of revenue, hold, as a rule, that no bottoms 
should be excluded from leasing for oyster culture which, by methods known to oyster culturists, may be 
made to vield a greater number of oysters than they now produce." 

"It should be evident to everyone that neither of these definitions could be adopted by the Com- 
mission as a working basis for determining which of the grounds surveyed are natural oyster bars." 

THE GOLDSBOROUGH DEFINITION. 

The definition of a natural oyster bar which very nearly approaches a reasonable and satisfactory 
compromise between the views of the subject held by oystermen on one hand and by oyster culturists on 
the other is that contained in an opinion rendered by Judge Charles F. Goldsborough in the circuit court 
for Dorchester County in the July term, 1 881, in the case of William T. Windsor and George R. Todd v. 
Job T. Moore. 

This definition has been adopted by the Shell Fish Commission as the basis for the determination of 
the status of the various oyster bottoms surveyed and is as follows: 

What then is a natural bar or bed of oysters? It would be a palpable absurdity for the State to 
attempt to promote the propagation and growth of oysters and to encourage its citizens, by a grant of 
land, to engage in their culture, if the lands authorized to be taken up were only those upon which oys- 
ters do not and can not be made to grow. That there may be lands covered by water in the State where 
no oysters can be found, but where, if planted, they could be cultivated successfully, may be possible, 
but, if so, I imagine that their extent must be too limited for them to be of much practical, general 
advantage for the purposes of such a law as the one under discussion ; but there are thousands of acres of 
hard and shifting sands where oysters not only are not found, but where it would be folly to plant them; 
and these latter it can not be supposed that the State intended to offer to give away, for the simple 
reason that the State could not help knowing that nobody would have them. 

Upon the other hand there are large and numerous tracts where oysters of natural growth may be 
found in moderate numbers, but not in quantities sufficient to make it profitable to catch them, and yet 
where oysters may be successfully planted and propagated. In my opinion these can not be called nat- 
ural bars or beds of oysters, within the meaning of the Act of Assembly, and it is just such lands as these 
that the State meant to allow to be taken up under the provisions of the above-mentioned section of 
the Act. 

But there is still another class of lands where oysters grow naturally and in large quantities and 
to which the public are now and have been for many years in the habit of resorting with a view to earn- 
ing a livelihood by catching this natural growth, and here, I think, is the true test of the whole question. 
Land can not be said to be a natural oyster bar or bed merely because oysters are scattered here and 
there upon it, and because if planted they will readily live and thrive there; but whenever the natural 
growth is so thick and abundant that the public resort to it for a livelihood, it is a natural oyster bar or 
bed and comes within the above-quoted restriction in the law, and can not be located or appropriated 
by any individual. 

APPLICATION OF DEFINITION. 

Before this definition may be of use in determining, accurately and scientifically, the status of an 
oyster ground, its central idea, "livelihood," must be expanded into accurately determinable factors, 
and these factors must be combined into a practical scheme of investigating the condition of the ground 
under consideration. 

Stated briefly, a livelihood is represented by a sum oj money obtained from the sale, at a fixed price, 
of a certain quantity oj oysters gathered in a given time from an allotted area of ground. 



92 Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 

Knowing the value of each of these factors it becomes possible to calculate the number of oysters an 
oyster ground must produce per square yard in order that oystermen may secure a livelihood by working 
upon it. 

Note. — The factors into which the Commission resolved the livelihood problem, the value assigned 
to each factor, and the scheme devised for practical use in examining and applying the definition to oys- 
ter bottoms are given in outline in their Second Report under the heading of the preceding extract, and 
in detail in their First Report on pages 32 to 69. , 



Appendix C— SUMMARY OF THE PARTICULAR SURVEYING OPERATIONS WHICH CON- 
STITUTE AN "OYSTER SURVEY" AS NOW BEING CARRIED ON IN MARYLAND. 

Explanation. — A brief account of the particular surveying operations which constitute an " oyster 
survey" as now being carried on in Maryland will assist in the interpretation of records contained in the 
technical part of this report, and will be of interest to many who may not understand the necessity for 
the great amount of work being done or its complicated character. 

To those familiar with methods used in surveying and charting the characteristic features of large 
bodies of water there is an evident necessity for the various operations performed, especially when it 
is known that the boundaries of the public oyster bars and of the private lots leased for purposes of 
oyster culture must be surveyed and charted with the greatest practical accuracy. To others it will 
be sufficient to state that the actual experience gained from oyster surveys in other States has proven 
that in order to avoid endless dissatisfaction and litigation it is necessary to accurately locate and per- 
manently establish oyster boundaries as is now being done in Maryland. 

Triangulation survey. — Such refinement of survey work as that demanded by the conditions of an 
oyster survey when carried on at considerable distances offshore can only be obtained by the use of 
a system of triangulation as a frame work or foundation. Therefore, a triangulation survey including 
the permanent marking of the positions of landmarks with monuments and a record of the descriptions 
of their locations for future recovery is a necessary operation of a complete oyster survey. 

Topographic survey. — The technical records which establish the relation between the offshore 
oyster boundaries and triangulation landmarks are sufficient for the requirements of engineers in making 
resurveys, but do not supply the needs of others who are interested in the same boundaries by reason 
of their occupation as oystermen concerned as to the public oyster bars, or oyster culturists concerned 
as to the leasable bottoms. For these it is necessary to have the charts of the survey show the relation 
of the shore line and other topographic features to the boundaries of the public oyster bars and private 
oyster farms. Therefore, a topographic survey is a necessary operation of a complete oyster survey. 

Hydrographic survey. — In the settlement of the important question of what is, or what is not, a 
natural oyster bar, and in the consideration of bottoms to be selected for purposes of oyster culture, 
information as to the depth of water and the character of the bottom is required. Therefore, a hydro- 
graphic survey is a necessary operation of a' complete oyster survey. 

Necessary foundation for an oyster survey. — Consequently, the necessary components of a satis- 
factory foundation for a complete oyster survey are the three classes of survey operations technically 
named triangulation, topography, and hydrography, or, stated in another way, the foundation of a 
practical oyster survey includes the surveying operations usually followed by the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey leading up to the preparation and publication of nautical charts. 

Special surveys and investigations pertaining to oysters. — Having obtained this cartographic survey 
for a foundation, partly by new work and partly from records of previous work of the Government, 
the combined operations making up an "oyster survey" are completed by superimposing on this 
foundation special surveys and investigations pertaining particularly to oysters or other shell fish. 

The special surveys pertaining to oysters, furnish information as to the location and outline of 
oyster-shell bottoms, and are carried on by the sounding boat party in addition to the usual hydro- 
graphic work.k This operation consists of the observation and record of the character of vibration 
of a wire and chain apparatus which is dragged over the bottom, the vibrations or lack of vibrations 
indicating the presence and quantity of shells or absence of shells. 

a See Appendix D of this publication for "Statistics of results of combined operations of the Government and State." 
b See pages 104 to 123 of "First Annual Report of Maryland Shell Fish Commission." 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md. 93 

The special oyster investigations " consist of the actual determination of the kind and quantity of 
oysters on the bottom, and such economic and biological studies of the supply of oyster food, density 
of water, character of the bottom, and other important matters as affect the growth of oysters. In 
this work the oyster investigation stations are located and buoyed by the hydrographic party while 
engaged in the survey of the oyster-shell limits. They are selected with the view of obtaining char- 
acteristic data which can be used for the interpretation of the recorded vibrations of the chain apparatus 
at all other points covered by the survey. 

Preparation, oj results. — The actual surveying operations and oyster investigations having been 
completed for any one county, there still remains technical work of nearly equal magnitude to that 
described. 6 This work consists of the preparation of charts and technical descriptions of boundaries 
and landmarks for publication by the Government, the preparation of that part of the annual report 
of the Commission covering the special oyster surveys and investigations, the making of the leasing 
-harts and finished projections, and finally the filing of the oyster charts and records with the courts 
and the Commission, thus opening a county for oyster culture. 

Summary. — From the foregoing account it can be seen that a complete oyster survey properly 
conducted so as to answer all practical requirements of the present and permanency of results for the 
future is a very complicated affair, involving many lines of surveying and other scientific work, and 
requiring the professional services of experts in the various operations of cartographic surveying and 
shell-fish investigations. 

See pages 30 to 67 and 1 29 to 199 of "First Annual Report of Maryland ShelJ Fish Commission." 

6 No mention is made here of the large amount of administrative work of the Commission, which is greatly complicated 
and increased by the effect of the oyster-survey operations on many thousands of people whose interests are more or less 
involved; or of the large amount of survey work involved in the survey and record of the boundaries of oyster lots leased 
from the State by private individuals for the purposes of oyster culture. 



94 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Calvert County, Md, 



Appendix D.— STATISTICS OF RESULTS OF THE COMBINED OYSTER SURVEY 
OPERATIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT AND STATE." 



Operations. 



Beginning of field work 

Filing of certified charts and reports 

Natural oyster bars surveyed and delin- 
eated . 

Acres of natural oyster bars 

Crab bottoms surveyed and delineated. . 

Acres of crab bottoms 

Clam beds surveyed and delineated 

Acres of clam beds 

Boundary buoys located and planted 

Triangulation landmarks established 

Miles of shore line covered by triangu- 

lation 

Square miles of water covered, by tri- 

angulation 

Miles of examination of shell bottom 

with chain apparatus 

Oyster investigation stations occupied. . 

Tide stations established 

Number of soundings over shell bottoms. 
Square miles covered by soundings and 

chain apparatus 

Projections prepared and plotted 

Leasing charts prepared 

Oyster charts published 

Reports published 

Progress maps published 



Anne 
Arundel 
County. 



June 29,1906 
June 20,1907 



91 
33.666 



362 
123 



369 

440 



Somerset 
County. 



May 2, 1907 
July 1, 1908 

37 

27.566 

5 4 

32. 108 

3 

506 

154 

86 



375 

296 

679 

3 

I7,904 

47 
13 



Wicomico 
County. 



Worcester. 
County. 



Calvert 
County. 



Aug. 27,1907 
Dec. 1, 1908 



53 
30 



46 



Nov. 8, 1907 
Apr. 12, 1909 

28 

1.655 



May 2, 1908 
Dec. 14, 1909 



48 

95 



63 



250 
667 



3.649 

3 
5 
3 
3 



Total. & 



212 

'77, 228 

54 

32, 108 

3 

506 

826 

334 



I, 036 
2.095 



73.281 



131 

36 

35 

20 

7 

7 



a These statistics do not include the large amount of triangulation, topography, and hydrography resulting from 
previous work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, which "was utilized in the preparation of the published oyster charts 
and records. Work in St. Marys and Charles counties has been finished, but final statistics of results will not be published 
until these counties are opened for oyster culture. 

b Less quantities covered by statistics of more than one county. 

'Total area of natural oyster bars of Connecticut is 5,770 acres. 



o 



I Je '10 



